tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-209937782024-03-16T14:54:15.763-04:00History Is ElementaryQuite simply History Is Elementary is a site for history teachers and anyone who enjoys reading about history and history education. Posts include opinions, information on content, teaching strategies, and some of my day to day adventures in teachingEHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.comBlogger845125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-46698643637091595392015-04-20T21:34:00.001-04:002015-04-20T21:46:42.120-04:00Please follow me to my new website.....<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Here's a big HELLO to those of you who might find yourself here through a Google search, or you are a long-time subscriber to this site via Feedburner and/or RSS Feed.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">I've moved!</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">I'd love to have you visit me at my own domain where I come out from behind the ElementaryHistoryTeacher name, but continue to share the stories behind the history.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Unfortunately, I couldn't take my current subscription list to the new site. <strong>You will have to join my new mailing list</strong> to receive information regarding blog updates, new books as they are published including my own brand of history curriculum for educators.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">My teaching memoir will be published in 2016 along with the first of my curriculum units.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">The new website, <a href="http://lisalandcooper.com/">LisaLandCooper.com</a> is up and running! </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjs7UpJxZqN_yWG82Ql2Mzyq5jF5rjNydmYq4vyOJd_YKRC8fQDqpLnCypQxDE2DP2VptUnEZ8Lh2bFLRKWF-opQrEtypMkZ98Pt_z-3wGM15eALCg0UdmYYW_JbzwsKQRblwOF/s1600/website.PNG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjs7UpJxZqN_yWG82Ql2Mzyq5jF5rjNydmYq4vyOJd_YKRC8fQDqpLnCypQxDE2DP2VptUnEZ8Lh2bFLRKWF-opQrEtypMkZ98Pt_z-3wGM15eALCg0UdmYYW_JbzwsKQRblwOF/s1600/website.PNG" height="190" width="400" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Come on over, have a look around, and introduce (or reintroduce in some cases) yourself by leaving a comment or sending me a message.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Feel free to "like" one or all of my pages on Facebook, too!</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/History-Is-Elementary/101659843227016?ref=hl">History Is Elementary</a> - for history teachers and anyone else who enjoys history and history education</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/Georgia-on-My-Mind/253221885715?ref=hl">Georgia on My Mind</a> - for those who love Georgia history with an occasional travel or opinion piece thrown in here and there</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/Every-Now-and-Then/169847036453226?ref=hl">Every Now and Then</a> - focusing on the history of Douglas/old Campbell County, Georgia</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">All three pages contain hundreds of vintage images with new ones being added daily!</span>EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-73194058895803730912014-08-18T20:53:00.001-04:002014-08-18T20:53:36.367-04:00Yes, I've Published a Book!<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnE99wxGYqgqWV57rNeN50D2G7OW2gZQTRth5GCGNBGpl-VtWMXtKzHBdCwitboAbB8vprqP-j0yOFQd7Vbrqa5I-Wi4SM7ofqrtdizKZ7Hvle8PrjFOKGOgu3Xen-UoVptfFH/s1600/Arcadia-Final+Cover+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnE99wxGYqgqWV57rNeN50D2G7OW2gZQTRth5GCGNBGpl-VtWMXtKzHBdCwitboAbB8vprqP-j0yOFQd7Vbrqa5I-Wi4SM7ofqrtdizKZ7Hvle8PrjFOKGOgu3Xen-UoVptfFH/s1600/Arcadia-Final+Cover+1.jpg" height="320" width="222" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">I've written and published a book!</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">Of course, that was my intention when I began this blog way back in 2006 when I was still in the classroom, but the book I've published isn't exactly the book I had planned. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">The planned project - a teaching memoir - will still be published along with a few other projects, but the book you see to the left is what fell in my lap along the way.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">It needed to be done. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">History education is my prime focus along with writing curriculum. Over the last couple of years I've written a few college courses used by teacher candidates at Johns Hopkins University School of Education, and I have some other curriculum ideas up my sleeve, but local history has taken a front-burner position over the last year. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">I've been researching and writing the local history of Douglas County for the past four years, and have had a weekly column the <em>Douglas County Sentinel</em> for a year and a half. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">I've been a longtime fan of the Images of America series of books from Arcadia Publishing. Several towns across the nation are included including several in Georgia, but my town of Douglasville was missing.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">When Arcadia contacted me last year, there was no other alternative than to sign the contract and get busy. The book was released on July 14th, and I'm very proud of it. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">The book contains 200 vintage images depicting the history of Douglasville, Georgia some dating back to the 1870s and covering the next one hundred years. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">As far as southern towns go, Douglasville is a bit unique as it IS the quintessential New South town having been birthed in 1875 during Reconstruction</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">You can Google a preview of the book <a href="http://books.google.com/books?id=vc28AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA4&dq=arcadia+publishing,+douglasville&hl=en&sa=X&ei=5IryU8XtKsH-yQSqooCoCA&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=arcadia%20publishing%2C%20douglasville&f=false">HERE</a>, and you can purchase it via Amazon </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1467112100/ref=as_li_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=1467112100&linkCode=as2&tag=historyiselem-20&linkId=F7DGSO6WRBZJJ67Q"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;">HERE</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com/e/ir?t=historyiselem-20&l=as2&o=1&a=1467112100" height="1" style="border: currentColor !important; margin: 0px !important;" width="1" />.</span></span></span></div>
EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-15233768333375094832014-01-23T09:51:00.000-05:002015-01-28T21:00:51.321-05:00Getting to the Tooth of the Matter<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidjfAkAV4gyff1mb_Lvc80XZ4a4NeSYmy4aYV93N5WOIZ0xN1U4e7Q-k1-SCq8fAHK3oRhIKDf7t9RIylh28B4PQSa-P5YGbCDz6QDong7FxED8WU-KuWvKY1-guMB9abcyRJz/s1600/revere+dentistry+tools..jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidjfAkAV4gyff1mb_Lvc80XZ4a4NeSYmy4aYV93N5WOIZ0xN1U4e7Q-k1-SCq8fAHK3oRhIKDf7t9RIylh28B4PQSa-P5YGbCDz6QDong7FxED8WU-KuWvKY1-guMB9abcyRJz/s1600/revere+dentistry+tools..jpg" height="320" width="253" /></a></div>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 18pt; line-height: 115%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Do you know what these are?<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">If you guessed dental tools you would be correct?<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Now, who owned them?<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">None other than America’s silversmith and favorite son of
Liberty who rode the countryside warning the folks that the British were
coming.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">No…not William Dawes, but that other one.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Yes, old what’s his name?<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Yes!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Paul Revere!<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Following the French and Indian War the economy in the
colonies had been what is described by some today as an economic downturn. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Actually, folks were really hurting financially. Not only
did the colonies take a hit with the French and Indian War there was something
called the Stamp Act that severely impacted Paul Revere’s business.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">With creditors after his property and no orders coming in
for his metal working Revere turned towards dentistry.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Seems logical. Right? <insert here="" sarcasm=""><o:p></o:p></insert></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A surgeon staying with a mutual friend taught Revere some of
the tricks of the trade.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Yes, five years before his midnight ride the following ad
appeared in the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Boston Gazette and
Country Journal</i> dated August 20, 1770 titled “Artificial Teeth” that
stated:<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><em>“Paul Revere, Takes this Method ‘of returning his most
sincere Thanks to the Gentlemen and Ladies who have employed him in the care of
their Teeth, he would now inform them and all others, who are so unfortunate as
to lose their Teeth by accident or otherways, that he still continues the
Business of a Dentist, and flatters himself that from the Experience he has had
these Two Years (in which Time he has fixt some Hundreds of Teeth) that he can
fix them as well as any Surgeon-Dentist who ever came from London, he fixes
them in such a Manner that they are not only an Ornament, but of real Use in
Speaking and Eating:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He cleanses the
Teeth and will wait on any Gentleman or Lady at their Lodgings, he may be spoke
with at his Shop opposite Dr. Clark’s at the North End, where the Gold and
Silversmith’s business is carried on in all its Branches.”<o:p></o:p></em></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Revere made his dentures from walrus ivory. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Now, I know what you are thinking…<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">No, as far as I know Revere never crafted a set of dentures
for George Washington. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I’ve written <a href="http://historyiselementary.blogspot.com/2006/12/trumbulls-battle-of-bunker-hill.html">here</a> about the tragic death of Dr. Warren at
the Battle of Bunker Hill (Breed’s) using Trumbull’s iconic painting with students.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Amazingly, Paul Revere was the one who was able to identify Warren's body nine months after the battle because he recognized a tooth he had replaced in Dr. Warren's dental work. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Paul Revere...forensic dentistry.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Don't you love the twists and turns of history? </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-67508548829137876552014-01-16T14:39:00.004-05:002014-01-16T14:39:58.418-05:00Frank Carpenter: World Traveler and Photographer<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqjgfOe5pdDjN7_Pw_Zfjyb-Oubi9n2CL0HbjDvA1XZ83tZfKiC75IfjN8c0l_aR4oQzWdsK_8w2lwFVQAuSY30pIeT6Ucu3yYbp7l-wu-0M2vgEQqJJAQAxxDqi8m4iohySdO/s1600/Carpenter4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqjgfOe5pdDjN7_Pw_Zfjyb-Oubi9n2CL0HbjDvA1XZ83tZfKiC75IfjN8c0l_aR4oQzWdsK_8w2lwFVQAuSY30pIeT6Ucu3yYbp7l-wu-0M2vgEQqJJAQAxxDqi8m4iohySdO/s1600/Carpenter4.jpg" height="200" width="160" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Over on the <em>Facebook</em> page for this blog I’ve been posting
a series of pictures this week I’ve simply sourced as “Library of Congress”,
but the source goes much deeper than that.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The pictures are wonderful depictions of world scenes beginning in the
1890s through the 1930s. I’ve featured some here.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The collection was put together by Frank and Frances
Carpenter, a father-daughter team, during their world travels. The photos were
used to illustrate his writings regarding travel and his world geography
textbooks. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I love to snap pictures myself. Over the last five years
I’ve taken approximately ten thousand photos, myself, but over his lifetime no
telling how many photographs Frank Carter produced. The Library of Congress
collection contains 5,400 photos in albums, 10,400 loose photos, and 7,000
glass and film negatives.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span> </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi57DbCp0hvo5VqPCt0yuSq1c3TQffGfmCVtC7t_vLiss-Cge113iTtcUCkVptvU46J3_lt1HjcRLrEzuXV3x1dSv2Zr7coV66ixeYdOsHKvyBZZgVXFJ11Lxv-RLKwstK4Tc3p/s1600/carpenter1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi57DbCp0hvo5VqPCt0yuSq1c3TQffGfmCVtC7t_vLiss-Cge113iTtcUCkVptvU46J3_lt1HjcRLrEzuXV3x1dSv2Zr7coV66ixeYdOsHKvyBZZgVXFJ11Lxv-RLKwstK4Tc3p/s1600/carpenter1.jpg" height="320" width="241" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span> </div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Frank Carpenter was a journalist whose assignments took
him many interesting places.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Being a
writing myself, I love the fact that he took his interest in travel and
photography and more or less created a job for himself. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">He took a trip around the world from 1888 to 1889. During
that time he wrote a letter per week that was published in twelve different
periodicals which led to more letter-writing travels.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Where can I get a job like that?</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeBcpK_402-Vkj9G3KV2D4NemxbZlA89xrgf-Q6n7YWEEwgUvI89YGqenHFssE3Ns3lUXXvi0FjcR5rXSerbK-1snFNNf38DHt6_k7KDR2uFEBxq34j1Dx1JXCy59Ilu2uQFgK/s1600/carpenter2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeBcpK_402-Vkj9G3KV2D4NemxbZlA89xrgf-Q6n7YWEEwgUvI89YGqenHFssE3Ns3lUXXvi0FjcR5rXSerbK-1snFNNf38DHt6_k7KDR2uFEBxq34j1Dx1JXCy59Ilu2uQFgK/s1600/carpenter2.jpg" height="202" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Not only were Frank Carpenter’s geography books used in
schools for over 45 years, his writings helped to popularize cultural
anthropology and geography.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Carpenter died a millionaire, but not necessarily from
his writing and photography. He used his money to invest heavily in real estate
in the Washington D.C. area, and at one point was then able to fund his world
travels and photography “habit” on his own terms.</span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9l7FXuWXmjGrjcccJVT88_2x3OyIEJ2hdwLQArTMke1p4IS53_65Wc7L-Oo-vDmTEBq8yMvtYCm_4VaD6MmgYcxEAcGrOByNCONz4r7vjknQQJF7PtEqDXGrjiH7z2vgRDQEw/s1600/carpenter3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9l7FXuWXmjGrjcccJVT88_2x3OyIEJ2hdwLQArTMke1p4IS53_65Wc7L-Oo-vDmTEBq8yMvtYCm_4VaD6MmgYcxEAcGrOByNCONz4r7vjknQQJF7PtEqDXGrjiH7z2vgRDQEw/s1600/carpenter3.jpg" height="229" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Frank Carpenter died in China during his third trip
around the world.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">U</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">se the “like” button above in order to join the history conversation
on <em>Facebook</em> and view more of Carpenter’s fantastic images. </span></span>EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-33411714588483143352013-11-21T11:44:00.001-05:002013-11-21T11:44:35.919-05:005 Ways to Keep Your Alumni Base Lively<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Great advice for folks who control alumni groups!!</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="https://www.icontact.com/industry/alumni-email-marketing/"><img src="https://www.icontact.com/static/img/infographic_collegeAlumniEmailMarketing.jpg" style="max-width: 100%;" /></a><br />
Via: <a href="http://www.icontact.com/">iContact</a>EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-64924654226318993992013-09-12T12:06:00.003-04:002013-09-12T12:16:24.366-04:00Now I Lay Me Down to Sleep....An Old Spin<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYS855efNxOKI7nKyowLsSGR_bHEOGR2UGZ5D1Vj-xL8sCmbsRegkqEiDt5UsG3lS-e-Gc_WotH8HScS_dxuLxI_NKa5VXJ17ORktF_BZkxOo10irPX2WeIZ129ko8iarROO2A/s1600/st.+michaels.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYS855efNxOKI7nKyowLsSGR_bHEOGR2UGZ5D1Vj-xL8sCmbsRegkqEiDt5UsG3lS-e-Gc_WotH8HScS_dxuLxI_NKa5VXJ17ORktF_BZkxOo10irPX2WeIZ129ko8iarROO2A/s200/st.+michaels.jpg" width="133" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This past February Mr. Elementaryhistoryteacher and I ran off for a quick weekend in Charleston. It was rainy and cold most of the time, so we didn't get a chance to walk around very much, but we did take a turn through the visitor's center and then headed across the street to <a href="http://www.charlestonmuseum.org/home">The Charleston Museum. </a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">The museum was founded in 1773 and is commonly referred to as America's first museum.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">While I found all of the exhibits informative and well done, one of the smaller ones simply astonished me.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">I love learning new things, and these types of cemetery markers were TOTALLY new to me.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiClzdrBy6nzvm_mmm_5t0hczNSTMWEM6iuCDhFZmQNuvbnIOFBh5U5luFIY-hzmy_l2lsv7dPa5o4OyaLaMG9PKT_Pwvr3Icq2HvMaBrZJYru0W2sQFA24JBBV_ZZsdspAI3tN/s1600/IMG_8613.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiClzdrBy6nzvm_mmm_5t0hczNSTMWEM6iuCDhFZmQNuvbnIOFBh5U5luFIY-hzmy_l2lsv7dPa5o4OyaLaMG9PKT_Pwvr3Icq2HvMaBrZJYru0W2sQFA24JBBV_ZZsdspAI3tN/s200/IMG_8613.JPG" width="200" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Yes, that's a four poster bed headboard and for some people in the 18th century this served as their grave marker.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">I came home from Charleston and began digging a little deeper. I found an article from <em>The Milwaukee Journal</em> dated June 17, 1927 titled, "Four Poster Bed Headboard Marks Grave 189 Years".</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">From the article: <em>Still intact after serving 189 years [in Charleston, South Carolina] as a tombstone in </em><a href="http://www.stmichaelschurch.net/">St. Michael's Cemetery</a> <em>here a four poster headboard of an old wooden bed has been uncovered by a cleanup crew working in a cemetery.</em></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><em><span style="font-family: Arial;"></span></em></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><em><span style="font-family: Arial;">The unusual marker was part of the bed used by Mary Ann Luyten during her lifetime. Some years before her death she decided that its enduring tidewater cypress wood should make a particularly satisfying tombstone. In writing her will she directed that this be done and ordered the inscription which was to be carved on the bed. </span></em></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><em><span style="font-family: Arial;"></span></em></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><em><span style="font-family: Arial;">The words were plainly visible when workmen removed leaves and moss which had partially covered Mrs. Luyten's grave marker.</span></em></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><em><span style="font-family: Arial;"></span></em></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><em><span style="font-family: Arial;">They read, "Mary Ann Luyten, wife of William Luyten Died September 9, 1770 in the twenty seventh year of her age"</span></em></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><em><span style="font-family: Arial;"></span></em></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">...and here it is in the cemetery:</span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgl0xFWod5vYPglY1WN6G73MjsepJN1AKt83FCGkbXpXs-yyodmUVp4o4IZ4LcWeDITN4AutDtgN41_X25VyUhyphenhyphen50Wy2j0tWTjg73T9ofqtMN4EZxGkCQMHIyJLjrpKPZUFEIA-/s1600/marker3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgl0xFWod5vYPglY1WN6G73MjsepJN1AKt83FCGkbXpXs-yyodmUVp4o4IZ4LcWeDITN4AutDtgN41_X25VyUhyphenhyphen50Wy2j0tWTjg73T9ofqtMN4EZxGkCQMHIyJLjrpKPZUFEIA-/s200/marker3.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Apparently, this practice was repeated by others. In a more recent newspaper article from April, 1982 published in <em>The News and Courier</em> advised that for years the St. Michael's grave rails such as Luyten's were thought to be the only ones remaining in North America, but <em>now there is a third "bedstead" shaped wooden grave rail that has been stashed away at St. James Santee Episcopal church for many years...It resembled the headboard of a bed and was designed to be set in the ground over the grave.</em></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">I find the markers to be very interesting....a whole new spin on "Now I lay me down to sleep."</span> </span></div>
EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com13tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-85023070107492204892013-09-07T00:31:00.000-04:002013-09-07T00:48:19.362-04:00The Artist Explorer<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibCs0_EuK8xkTK0I_u6Q77le_0ZatgwTRLuIY9gMPr4XcxSKttmKSNjVBThZQUGgPu3E1V8DUk87NsXGnoJU84yMV1W5ROJoEkWqXRQ7Y5A-fNEEZgVm418XogA2Y4Ce4kOsr-/s1600/le+moyne.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="143" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibCs0_EuK8xkTK0I_u6Q77le_0ZatgwTRLuIY9gMPr4XcxSKttmKSNjVBThZQUGgPu3E1V8DUk87NsXGnoJU84yMV1W5ROJoEkWqXRQ7Y5A-fNEEZgVm418XogA2Y4Ce4kOsr-/s200/le+moyne.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Age of Exploration.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">What do you immediately think of as you read those four words?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">More than likely, you would throw out some of the more famous explorer's names and where their expeditions took place.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Some of you might tell me about their goals such as claiming land for the monarch who financed the expedition and how in the case of some bringing Christianity to the natives was in most cases a guise to seize lands and riches.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">You most certainly wouldn't be wrong, but as many expeditions to the New World continued more people arrived who weren't just fortune hunters, soldiers and religious men wanting to save souls.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Sometimes the monarchs themselves would order certain people to go along, and in the case of explorers Jean Ribault an Rene Laudonnere, the French monarch ordered an artist to go along and capture not riches or natives but capture images of the things he saw in the New World. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">The artist was Jacques Le Moyne de Morgues who lived between 1533 and 1588. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Le Moyne went along on Ribault's expedition in 1566 to what we would consider to be north Florida near the St. John River. Ribault hoped to establish a colony near present day Jacksonville, and he ended up building Fort Caroline.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Le Moyne not only served as an artist but was very useful as a cartographer.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">The expedition erected a stone marker near the mouth of the St. John River which happened to be a standard French marker used in the New World. It was a hexagonal column of white stone engraved with the royal standard. Eventually, Le Moyne writes that the Timuca, a Native American tribe in the area, began to venerate the marker as if it was an idol.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Eventually, relations with the natives soured, some members of the expedition grew weary of the leaders and led mini revolts, and rival expeditions from other nations caused problems. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">In 1565, a group of Spaniards led by Pedro Menendez de Aviles attacked the men at Fort Caroline.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Le Moyne made his escape with a few others, but only one of his drawings survived. What we do have are engravings which are recreations based on Le Moyne's memory. They are important because they happen to be the earliest images from the New World. Engravings of his work exist today as only one of his New World drawings was saved. I've posted one of the engravings at the beginning of this post. Le Moyne also penned an account of the voyage titled <em>Brevis Narration Eorum Quae in Florida Americai Provincial Gallis Acciderunt</em> in 1591.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Le Moyne never returned to the New World. He devoted the last years of his life creating botanical art.</span><br />
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<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">You can see more engravings based on Le Moyne's drawings <a href="http://fcit.usf.edu/florida/lessons/lemoyne/lemoyne.htm">here</a>.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">Another great source you could explore is <em><a href="http://thenewworld.us/category/le-moynes-florida-indians/">The New World</a></em>.</span>EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-73958617214504380372013-08-23T00:33:00.002-04:002013-08-23T00:46:55.958-04:00Using Memoirs to Strengthen Curriculum<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In my opinion the least taught war in United States
classrooms has to be the Korean War.</span></span><br />
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span><br />
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The U.S never declared war on North Korea
because we weren’t there on our own. Our involvement was a result of the United
Nations aiding South Korea with the United States supplying 88% of the forces. The
People’s Republic of China entered the war helping North Korea. Officially
the Soviet Union provided material aid as well for the North Koreans, but talk
to anyone involved, and they firmly believe the Soviet involvement included men
on the ground and in the air. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I feel that events in Korea during the 1950s have a real
place in the classroom, but ignorance keeps it from being fully explored in the
curriculum. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">We don’t take the time to fully explore all the
possibilities the content of the Korean War could have in our classrooms. Take any history textbook and thumb through
pages and you see that very little is given about the Korean War. Most of the
time it’s treated as a “breather” of sorts between the end of World War II and
the startup of the Vietnam War.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was
done that way when I was in school, and in most classrooms it’s still treated
that way.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I don’t blame teachers for not diving deep into the
war.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Our teaching standards barely touch
on it, but aren’t we cheating students regarding an important chunk of American
History?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Aren’t we throwing the service of the men who served
during the Korean War away by not covering the war as best we can?<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Korean War is just another example why teachers
cannot rely on the textbook as a complete tool to help them frame standards into
a viable curriculum. You have to go outside of the textbook for content and a complete
picture of the events in Korea.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My favorite source happens to be memoirs – first-hand accounts of
the events from those who were there.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the case of Korea I had a memoir fall into my lap through my local
history project regarding </span><a href="http://douglascountyhistory.blogspot.com/"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Douglas County and Douglasville, Georgia</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> where I
live.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span><br />
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; mso-spacerun: yes;"></span></span><br />
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">One of our former editors for our
local paper has written a memoir which covers many of his life
experiences, but mainly his exploits in the U.S. Navy aboard the <em>USS Sicily</em> during
the Korean Conflict. The book is called </span></span><a href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1936815893/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=1936815893&linkCode=as2&tag=historyiselem-20"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Excitement!! In War and Peace</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><img alt="" border="0" height="1" src="http://ir-na.amazon-adsystem.com/e/ir?t=historyiselem-20&l=as2&o=1&a=1936815893" style="border: none !important; margin: 0px !important;" width="1" />
<span style="line-height: 115%;">by W. Harris Dalton. It can be purchased on Amazon by clicking on the title or
through <a href="http://www.yawnsbooks.com/">Yawn’s Books</a> in Canton, Georgia. The cover of the book features a picture of the author (extreme left standing) with some of his buddies.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtos3y6RDeXLxQn0AHzR5UjDpI40L4s-RC-mQtUgQEDx__oNaKxH5XVWuZR_qFM7tgnA9670JvAcnaPuJ71vrUnuNzAwhZ_LrM0tiPjePm0FuS2EAaorMe-cdi3KgrawVvGhyphenhyphenr/s1600/weatherbyharrisdalton1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtos3y6RDeXLxQn0AHzR5UjDpI40L4s-RC-mQtUgQEDx__oNaKxH5XVWuZR_qFM7tgnA9670JvAcnaPuJ71vrUnuNzAwhZ_LrM0tiPjePm0FuS2EAaorMe-cdi3KgrawVvGhyphenhyphenr/s320/weatherbyharrisdalton1.jpg" width="206" /></a></div>
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<br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">While there are numerous snippets of information in Mr.
Dalton’s book that could be extracted and infused into a teacher’s Korean War
curriculum here are five things I found extremely interesting:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">1. Mr. Dalton spent three years aboard the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">USS Sicily</i> described in <em>Collier’s</em>
magazine as “the phantom ship” due to the fact it was always on the move and
the enemy didn’t know where they would be next.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Mr. Dalton states, “To her credit ‘the Queen’ was victorious in two of
the bloodiest battles – <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Pusan_Perimeter">Pusan</a> and Hungnam – in American history. She was also
there providing close air support for the marine’s historic landing on Inchon that
turned the tide of the battle on the peninsula and forced the fight for the
Yalu River."</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqRyr23be18nbgG3I2ZSsLUHGMuj8NAap2blU5PeZBOA4P3bIi46c0DB7z_aLlXvBpDoc1o93rcEv7tio-vkm4CTCSxs-LGoJ3kUYfjYVcGiFCPWsWMm2T3BVk6F5sjGI0zME3/s1600/S1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="249" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqRyr23be18nbgG3I2ZSsLUHGMuj8NAap2blU5PeZBOA4P3bIi46c0DB7z_aLlXvBpDoc1o93rcEv7tio-vkm4CTCSxs-LGoJ3kUYfjYVcGiFCPWsWMm2T3BVk6F5sjGI0zME3/s320/S1.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
</div>
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">I don’t know about you, but just from that snippet from
Mr. Dalton’s book I want to Google a few key words for more information. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">2. The Black Sheep Squadron was re-commissioned during the Korean War and flew Corsairs off the <em>Sicily</em>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As
Dalton states, “Navy and Marine Corsair pilots were available and they made
perfect sense for the Korean conflict against North Korea which had no air
force and navy.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">I know what you are
thinking, and yes....i<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">t's the same </span>Black Sheep Squadron that gained a reputation during World War II. The picture below shows some of their planes on the deck of the <em>Sicily.</em> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEij0FbfD5FdvIgZjClwRCnfRbHSX34KlXxviVA2nu0xvtFZz8LWm8vrzyfxDS4umr6cEexgpNeHUHRsXCPkTlHfGRoF3JKLaHkdHEW_vwQPQfku04XTwWb-bHC5lrlkabmj_NKF/s1600/S2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEij0FbfD5FdvIgZjClwRCnfRbHSX34KlXxviVA2nu0xvtFZz8LWm8vrzyfxDS4umr6cEexgpNeHUHRsXCPkTlHfGRoF3JKLaHkdHEW_vwQPQfku04XTwWb-bHC5lrlkabmj_NKF/s320/S2.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">3. Mr. Dalton gives great insight to a Black Sheep
Squadron mission on Christmas Eve, 1950 where they had been sent out to check
on what was reported to be a group of guerillas heading towards American
troops.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Black Sheep Squadron planes found the suspected
guerillas and completed a fly-over. They found the group contained a large
concentration of women and children. As they flew over the women held their
babies up in what was interpreted as a friendly gesture. The group seemed like
friendly refugees. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">There was no danger, right?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Later these same friendly refugees wiped out a whole Marine group. Members of the
squadron were sent out immediately on a search and destroy mission. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">One of the
squadron members told to Mr. Dalton, “I circled around, and when I was directly over
them, I dropped a napalm bomb right in the center of the marauders. We then
circled the scene until we had established there were no survivors. I knew they had killed my fellow marines, and
it wouldn’t have been so bad if it hadn’t been Christmas Eve.” </span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">4. The book discusses operations involving Chinese and
Russian forces stating, “What had begun as a mission to drive North Korea out
of South Korea escalated into an overt fight against North Korean and Chinese
forces when we moved up the Yalu River and the surreptitious aggression by the
Soviet Union, the bully in the neighborhood.”</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Mr. Dalton tells of an incident that was wiped from the
books regarding a supposed Russian submarine that was headed towards U.S.
forces and wouldn’t identify itself. For two hours Mr. Dalton, as radar man, personally filled
three pages of his log book regarding messages concerning the location and
actions of the sub which culminated in sightings of an oil slick.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Later when he checked the pages of the logbook, they had
been removed with the explanation that the action HAD NEVER TAKEN PLACE.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The event never made the news, of course.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKIs3X3RwHQsrYKCRMWEafdT0mtHJnnx3dolHRsbjxcEv58ZO6gbm3JZyX0y9LQZYhc8aDRyu8hWZW668DwlrgQakI-jBDbWiX8ODxyBOYlaKEjleaeuPcvVNWgbBdkTOBk8UW/s1600/S3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="279" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKIs3X3RwHQsrYKCRMWEafdT0mtHJnnx3dolHRsbjxcEv58ZO6gbm3JZyX0y9LQZYhc8aDRyu8hWZW668DwlrgQakI-jBDbWiX8ODxyBOYlaKEjleaeuPcvVNWgbBdkTOBk8UW/s320/S3.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">5. During a portion of the time Mr. Dalton was assigned
to the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sicily</i> his captain was John S.
“Jimmy” Thach, made famous for his World War II flying exploits, and for his
invention of the "Thach Weave", a tactic that enabled U.S. fliers to hold their
own against the Japanese Zeroes. He is also given credit regarding another
tactic referred to as the "big blue blanket".<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In the picture above Thach is on the right.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">So, before you head off to Google all the key words I’ve
thrown at you regarding the Korean War, check out Mr. Dalton’s book for even
more first-hand war experiences aboard the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">USS
Sicily.</i><o:p></o:p></span>EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-58578349261718817282013-06-26T16:24:00.001-04:002013-06-26T16:24:56.697-04:00Wordless: The Countess<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDVJOhFA9kHv8V9lwpU0fJs-1RJXXXswM-PWP98V2zkTRNvMndrN-8VTV-FgEKp4Bu7CimZnwiJQvVPALKmPyaBO2P-6stcoDS1YhEZW-D5j6sq9u4aVPS17iHf4Ex-UiM189c/s1600/Pierson_castiglione.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDVJOhFA9kHv8V9lwpU0fJs-1RJXXXswM-PWP98V2zkTRNvMndrN-8VTV-FgEKp4Bu7CimZnwiJQvVPALKmPyaBO2P-6stcoDS1YhEZW-D5j6sq9u4aVPS17iHf4Ex-UiM189c/s320/Pierson_castiglione.jpg" width="244" /></a></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">If you hang around here any length of time you realize that my Wordless entries are never entirely wordless......just more brief than normal.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">This is Countess Virginia Oldoini....more than likely the very first fashion/photography model. She was also the mistress of Emperor Napoleon III and held the ear of many powerful people.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">I posted another picture of her earlier this week on my <a href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/History-Is-Elementary/101659843227016?ref=hl">Facebook page.</a> Like it today!</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">The Wordless Wednesday hub can be found <a href="http://wordlesswednesday.blogspot.com/">here</a>. </span><br />
<br />EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-350562670833851482013-06-15T22:16:00.002-04:002013-06-15T22:20:35.584-04:00Ten Billionaires Who Let Their Education Work for Them<a href="http://www.blogger.com/" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></a><u><span style="color: #0066cc;"></span></u><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ever wonder how those billionaires reach their goals? Education figures in there somewhere....
Put yours to work for you!</span>
<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.blogger.com/" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><br /></div>
<a href="http://www.grownupme.com/richest-people-in-america/"><img src="http://www.grownupme.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/billionaires-infographic.png" style="max-width: 100%;" /></a><br />
Via: <a href="http://www.grownupme.com/">Grown Up Me</a>EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-4506581812067139152013-06-13T17:21:00.000-04:002013-06-13T17:21:04.057-04:0013 Things About the Washington Monument Stones<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://historyiselementary.blogspot.com/2013/06/the-know-nothings-and-washington.html">Last week</a> I shared some information about the Washington Monument and the Pope's stone which was destroyed by the political party known as the Know Nothings. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">During my research I took a little side tour and found some interesting things about the panels that decorate the interior walls of the monument.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">As I advised in my earlier posts: </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<em><span style="font-family: Arial;">In 1849, funds had begun to dwindle. The Society began the commemorative stone program where states could donate engraved stones that would go on the interior of the monument. The program got a little out of hand as more folks got involved. Stones began arriving from territories, groups, organizations and even a few individuals.</span></em><br />
<em><span style="font-family: Arial;"></span></em><br />
<em><span style="font-family: Arial;">The purpose of the program was to help all Americans feel a part of the memorial and more importantly to the society the stone donation program would cut the cost regarding the number of stones to be purchased. </span></em><br />
<em><span style="font-family: Arial;"></span></em><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">So, I thought I would post some of the bits of information I found on 13 of the stones since it is Thursday, and it's been forever since <a href="http://historyiselementary.blogspot.com/search/label/Thursday%20Thirteen">I posted a Thursday 13</a>.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">1. The "Alaska" Stone was the last to be installed. It's made from jade and is said to be worth three million dollars.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxlS2TLF2d9dtfD4iOxbbe1X5rihaJdhv1nZDAziViBR_917n1gucCFw8qFsGf-Yaw4xMut7MkRej5M-lvJUBFpvlD1uj02cMJBSw0ElbizKJDazB8pBgykpzaDudByq7mlMHp/s1600/alaska.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="159" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxlS2TLF2d9dtfD4iOxbbe1X5rihaJdhv1nZDAziViBR_917n1gucCFw8qFsGf-Yaw4xMut7MkRej5M-lvJUBFpvlD1uj02cMJBSw0ElbizKJDazB8pBgykpzaDudByq7mlMHp/s320/alaska.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">2. The "Citizens of Stockton, California" stone is made from granite. The gold leaf on the letters dates back from the 1850s Gold Rush. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">3. The "Michigan" stone is solid copper with a sterling coat of arms and lettering that costs around $1,000 in 1852.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGAqssdzByC5Ei4mWdcTIajB0ulDd4ba7DEOCMPtqR66E8KuIJXjJNkbTX5wxx_jPqhA7XGB6_HjAi8XNbhaxeL5eFJFQuDQbNWKqh2yo__pPFxf9MrHh4n9ST7Jee1xhnW-Q6/s1600/michigan.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGAqssdzByC5Ei4mWdcTIajB0ulDd4ba7DEOCMPtqR66E8KuIJXjJNkbTX5wxx_jPqhA7XGB6_HjAi8XNbhaxeL5eFJFQuDQbNWKqh2yo__pPFxf9MrHh4n9ST7Jee1xhnW-Q6/s1600/michigan.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">4. The "Nashville" stone was carved by William Strickland, the architect of the state capitol in Tennessee and who is actually buried within the walls of that building. I'm glad he didn't make the same request for the Washington Monument. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span> </div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">5. The "Arizona" stone is actually fashioned from three different petrified tree trunks. Why? Well, Arizona is home to the Petrified Forest National Park.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span> </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFxLZPIWXLNLvRi_q0FHKtqr3Lbp1hJoMHQBovowGm9s-44MWU4ZPjXk6s5kLRgwRQUrLanqfxvHu-9PF5viz6HQMyZ_fDCZ3b5ARsgXbr60dy1iSA_vLRsQK_mruG-Lk8VpGA/s1600/IMG_0244+(2).JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="136" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFxLZPIWXLNLvRi_q0FHKtqr3Lbp1hJoMHQBovowGm9s-44MWU4ZPjXk6s5kLRgwRQUrLanqfxvHu-9PF5viz6HQMyZ_fDCZ3b5ARsgXbr60dy1iSA_vLRsQK_mruG-Lk8VpGA/s320/IMG_0244+(2).JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">6. The "South Carolina" stone was damaged during the Civil War when it was removed following Fort Sumter. A hatchet was used to remove the stone, and then it was buried on the monument grounds. During the war hundreds of Northern soldiers camped on it and farm animals lived over it.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjs9xBvjxDL3QTntzXmOp0CokmoCKvIPdy7im20E6Vq2rBPY6t2HjtrChMN2Z7eH6JJVpTmdPgf309HCdOiWLOq1E7SwcFp7pVwc6axa_1c6PsHyyq8V-4JXxYcFQNec9gWyvUn/s1600/IMG_0238+(2).JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="165" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjs9xBvjxDL3QTntzXmOp0CokmoCKvIPdy7im20E6Vq2rBPY6t2HjtrChMN2Z7eH6JJVpTmdPgf309HCdOiWLOq1E7SwcFp7pVwc6axa_1c6PsHyyq8V-4JXxYcFQNec9gWyvUn/s320/IMG_0238+(2).JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">7. The "Turkey" stone represents one from several countries who wanted to take part in honoring George Washington. Turkey was one of the first nations to establish trade with the United States.</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8N_FwpyvKkE6fehhMMqrTjrtKteGBisyYIMdAPQxBi9PG7azHpm5R6r_7EBxyRpSmr2YNEy9rCptsFa15EKw6IDV7ZtIQNqAiFVQX7JpS9_jv_NkOaq8ppFmF5QiDaHQe5Kqb/s1600/turkey.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="228" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8N_FwpyvKkE6fehhMMqrTjrtKteGBisyYIMdAPQxBi9PG7azHpm5R6r_7EBxyRpSmr2YNEy9rCptsFa15EKw6IDV7ZtIQNqAiFVQX7JpS9_jv_NkOaq8ppFmF5QiDaHQe5Kqb/s320/turkey.gif" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">8. The "Association of Journeymen Stonecutters" stone is fashioned from Pennsylvania marble. It was designed by Stephen G. Cartlidge who was 17 at the time.</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHNIoJwD7qW0jxgM4UyRGd7CT04MBow3yx0VK_q0Cv8NyU3_GThQe1NKKPRrlMT3LMkIm0crXNPywZKnt4Os1lz8Ux7CQo87Hl2Buee5sRSC1uWwYGMXT3h2AfT5cKTJfwWQE-/s1600/association.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="217" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHNIoJwD7qW0jxgM4UyRGd7CT04MBow3yx0VK_q0Cv8NyU3_GThQe1NKKPRrlMT3LMkIm0crXNPywZKnt4Os1lz8Ux7CQo87Hl2Buee5sRSC1uWwYGMXT3h2AfT5cKTJfwWQE-/s320/association.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"></span></span> </div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">9. There are two stones from "Georgia". I find it a little ironic that one says "The Union as it was - The Constitution as it is" considering the Civil War was just a few short years away.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">10. It should be noted that future generations might not know who you are if you aren't very clear. Seriously, who are the S. of T. R. I.? This stone was donated by the Sons of Temperance of Rhode Island. </span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfiEQPDGMQvJ99aMSSrt-eOnXqmxad8yhd1I6qXpwruGfp3vN4kFmTS7bHrR3ns3GZst1exGGepwzhFvFb6-XB8tPoFHCrZ7ZhvHsg3iH_BDPigf_FsR0eTQcdn8NPcP988Bnz/s1600/IMG_0241+(2).JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="163" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfiEQPDGMQvJ99aMSSrt-eOnXqmxad8yhd1I6qXpwruGfp3vN4kFmTS7bHrR3ns3GZst1exGGepwzhFvFb6-XB8tPoFHCrZ7ZhvHsg3iH_BDPigf_FsR0eTQcdn8NPcP988Bnz/s320/IMG_0241+(2).JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"></span></span> </div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">11. One of the few stones given by Native American groups was the "Anacostia" stone.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #333333; font-family: "Trebuchet MS","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">12. I don't know about you, but there's just something about the "Kansas" stone I like.</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_imirMjCq847VkNdtWZCu7wfh2JiupQ5ta_s-8GqPBXHE2wfHZl2fvfbN4vinyHHwNeFNkxXxo0n3K3Mx4FdsoRtqw92-Fo8sE1hUE9lyboZ5Net_m6bgvQQuURc_Auq4iuIa/s1600/IMG_0243+(2).JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="178" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_imirMjCq847VkNdtWZCu7wfh2JiupQ5ta_s-8GqPBXHE2wfHZl2fvfbN4vinyHHwNeFNkxXxo0n3K3Mx4FdsoRtqw92-Fo8sE1hUE9lyboZ5Net_m6bgvQQuURc_Auq4iuIa/s320/IMG_0243+(2).JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">13. And last, but not least is this stone...the "Peter Force" stone. It was accepted by the Society before November 27, 1849....after that date they no longer accepted stones from individuals.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMxSeXkFdsaVKuws3igJFGjSFhN7yNWhCGd1LU0aVN-N51cQbInOl4YuJkH_bgUjL9dyT7kZMUUT16hBddbezDcLgtqlqrjg6vXrMcCT4oTL0_v0N6WDTSGgWS_ySCLEpG9ATY/s1600/peter+force.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="217" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMxSeXkFdsaVKuws3igJFGjSFhN7yNWhCGd1LU0aVN-N51cQbInOl4YuJkH_bgUjL9dyT7kZMUUT16hBddbezDcLgtqlqrjg6vXrMcCT4oTL0_v0N6WDTSGgWS_ySCLEpG9ATY/s320/peter+force.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">You can look through all of the stones <a href="http://www.cr.nps.gov/history/online_books/wamo/stones.pdf">here</a>.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">You can visit the Thursday 13 blog hub <a href="http://thursday-13.com/">here</a>.</span>EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-20212621035712097092013-06-06T11:42:00.001-04:002013-06-06T11:47:04.809-04:00Gliding Through D-Day....Part II<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNLKr0KXuePp8IiBz3InESkfZUCwubZqqjNsK2hyphenhyphen_mesAx7GvUZQ4gAZZW-fdkp8uUPHRED0owq0j9JiDwC7l59jLw067AjHd5Wlsovo7Vm-UKVdIL1tTDmGI8QDRrhyh32oIh/s1600/IMG_0108+(2).JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="166" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNLKr0KXuePp8IiBz3InESkfZUCwubZqqjNsK2hyphenhyphen_mesAx7GvUZQ4gAZZW-fdkp8uUPHRED0owq0j9JiDwC7l59jLw067AjHd5Wlsovo7Vm-UKVdIL1tTDmGI8QDRrhyh32oIh/s200/IMG_0108+(2).JPG" width="200" /></a></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A few years ago I paid homage to my Uncle Buck for his
service to our country during the very early morning hours of June 6, 1944 by
writing </span><a href="http://historyiselementary.blogspot.com/2008/06/gliding-into-d-day.html"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Gliding Into D-Day</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Feel free
to obtain a little background if you wish by clicking through and reading it
first.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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</span><br />
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My uncle….Flight Officer Cyrus S. Carson…. was a glider
pilot.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span><br />
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Gliders were actually the first stealth aircraft used by
the military. The Gibson Refrigerator Co. received contracts from the U.S. Army
Air Force for the production of CG-4A troop carrying gliders, and was one of 15
companies to do so. Each glider was made up of 70,000 individual parts.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Gibson built over 1,000 of the nearly 14,000
CG-4A gliders constructed during the war. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">On the morning of June 6, 1944, Cyrus S. Carson was
flying as pilot in command and John Winkler was flying co-pilot in a WACO CG-4A
glider similar to the one I’ve posted below. Both men had graduated as second
lieutenants from advanced flight training in 1943 from Lubbock, Texas.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">A WACO CG-4A glider is pictured below.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcDVVBw5eUlouexbo7_5S5LH3x-AZPMwt1BcSZrI2w3UfHftF29EB3a6djD_B6FfszbaIukb1vLxFB38JHdBj6Y6JWtD_tiseSWG6dzVwdpcQzzKofUw0MNxihVusvyFbR4NuN/s1600/waco+CG+4A+Glider.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="146" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcDVVBw5eUlouexbo7_5S5LH3x-AZPMwt1BcSZrI2w3UfHftF29EB3a6djD_B6FfszbaIukb1vLxFB38JHdBj6Y6JWtD_tiseSWG6dzVwdpcQzzKofUw0MNxihVusvyFbR4NuN/s320/waco+CG+4A+Glider.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The mission that my uncle and Winkler flew was serial 2B
code name “Detroit” which was a pre-dawn glider borne combat assault in the
American airborne landings in Normandy, made by elements of the U.S. 82<span style="font-size: small;"><sup>nd</sup>
Airborne Division. It was part of Operation Neptune, the assault port of the
Allied Invasion of France, Operation Overlord. <o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Originally slated to be the main assault for the 82<span style="font-size: small;"><sup>nd</sup>
Airborne, the glider operation instead became the first reinforcement missing
after the main parachute combat assault, Mission Boston. The landing zone for
Mission Detroit was near Sante-Mere-Eglise, to the west of Utah beach. <o:p></o:p></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The 434<span style="font-size: small;"><sup>th</sup> Troop Carrier Group as well as the
437<sup>th</sup> participated at the same time.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My uncle and Winkler, pictured below, were flying the
82nd Airborne as the other group flew the 101st Airborne. Each group consisted
of 52 gliders, making a total of 104 gliders to cross the peninsula of
Normandy.</span> </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWT9xxcmC-NITOU35GFkB-RCUIRhKvQ42hb3OsDbOWPgaEwYHgvoqjP8uCYXTg9bNW2K31OR_91HPtkCQ4a49UDnNX_tCrNk-MasWyR-ZdqPfNBfNjlT3qry_mDUPtsrVSRT8q/s1600/IMG_0109+(3).JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWT9xxcmC-NITOU35GFkB-RCUIRhKvQ42hb3OsDbOWPgaEwYHgvoqjP8uCYXTg9bNW2K31OR_91HPtkCQ4a49UDnNX_tCrNk-MasWyR-ZdqPfNBfNjlT3qry_mDUPtsrVSRT8q/s200/IMG_0109+(3).JPG" width="129" /></a></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">On D-Day my uncle and Winkler were flying glider number 6.
Their mission was to carry field artillery and hook up with glider number 5
which had a jeep. Their tow plane was the C-45. The WACO CG-4A was 48 feet long
with an 84 foot wingspan and weighed 3,790 pounds empty, 7,500 pounds normal
load, and 9,000 pounds overloaded; made of plywood, canvas and steel tubing.
There were no flaps, although spoilers above the wing were used to steep the
glide. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">From my uncle’s own account of the mission he writes, “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Every odd numbered glider transported a jeep
and five men counting the pilot and co-pilot. Every even numbered glider
transported an anti-tank gun, five men and a stack of ammo. </i><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">….Our
men took a map of the Normandy peninsula and located the beach that the troops
would be using to land ashore. Straight across the peninsula on the south shore
were </span></i><span style="line-height: 115%;">[the two Channel] <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">islands
named Guernsey and Jersey. The navigator decided that if we positioned a ship
about 40 miles straight south, with a spot light point straight up, we could
head from England into the direction of Spain and pick up that spot light and
go north [and get us in the position regarding where we wanted to land our
gliders].<o:p></o:p></i></span></span><br />
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">What
we didn’t know …was that these two islands were the heaviest fortified places
in all of Europe.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Around 1:00 am in the morning my uncle and Winkler along
with three soldiers from the 82<span style="font-size: small;"><sup>nd</sup> Airborne took off from Ramsbury,
England. The weather was so bad the mission should have been cancelled, but
that had already happened once before. <o:p></o:p></span></span></span><br />
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My uncle remembers, “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">We
assembled over England and when we reached the Channel, we dropped down to 100
feet over the water and flew until we found our spotlight, then headed north.
As we crossed between the two islands, we could see thousands of shells going
up just in front of every tow plane and glider. The only thing that saved us
was the eight Air Force P-47s, P-51s, B-25s, and B-26s that flew at speeds
between 250 and 275 mph.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We came along
at 140 mph and the guns on the ground couldn’t adjust their lead.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Not a single C-47 or glider was shot down.”<o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">They could not see the tow plane, although they could
tell if they were high or low depending on which way the tow rope pointed
looking out from the cockpit. There is no engine noise, although the glider
does make a whistle noise from the various protruding rigging that is exposed
to the slip stream.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My uncle continued, “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">At
2,000 feet over land we were flying in a cloud, solely on instruments. A
glider’s instruments consist of keeping the three to four feet of tow rope
pointing in the same direction. We were supposed to drop down to an altitude of
700 feet for glider release. We were approximately six to eight minutes from the
release point when the C-47 pulling me made an 85 degree diving turn to the
left. This caused the rope on my glider to break.”<o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My uncle’s co-pilot, Wilkerson recollects that something
must have spooked the pilot in the tow plane as he ran into a thick cover of
clouds. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My uncle states, “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">I
made a driving turn to the right. If I had remained on course, and slowed down
to 70 mph, there was a real good possibility that the C-47 behind me, would
have collided with the rear of my glider.<o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I
reduced my speed to 70 mph and at about 100 feet I broke out from under the
clouds. This gave me a very short amount of time to find a suitable place to
land my glider. I selected an open field to my right. This field had one large
tree about one foot in diameter. <o:p></o:p></span></span></i><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I
positioned my glider so that the tree would contact the center of my right
wing, causing the right wing to be shred off and causing the glider to drop
about five feet to the ground with enough force to break off the right landing
gear. The left side of the glider came down slower and the left wheel remained
on the glider. This caused one terrific ground loop. Nobody was injured and the
equipment was not damaged. <o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Glider
number 5, carrying a jeep was supposed to join up with us. This would have
given us a 10 man anti-tank crew.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></i><br />
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Co-pilot Wilkerson reported that all five crew members
were covered with dirt from the glider plowing up the field with the landing
gear.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My uncle continues, “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">With
hopes that the crew with the jeep would find us, we hid on a wooden knoll about
900 feet away from where we landed where we had a clear view of the glider. The
first thing that came by was a truck load of about 20 German troops.”<o:p></o:p></i></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Sadly two hours after John and Cyrus landed and while
they were waiting next to their glider hoping to meet up with the crew from
glider number 5, deputy commander of the 101<span style="font-size: small;"><sup>st</sup> Airborne, </span></span><a href="http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/dfpratt.htm"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Brigadier-GeneralDonald F. Pratt</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> landed about 0</span></span><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">400. His glider was over-loaded with a command jeep,
radio set, and jerry cans of gasoline. In order to avoid stalling the glider,
the pilot, Lieutenant-Colonel Michael C. Murphy, came in over the hedgerow at
about 90 mph and skidded on the damp grass and crashed head-on into a tree in
the middle of the hedge. Murphy survived the crash with two broken legs,
although Pratt died in the seat of his jeep with a broken neck. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Pratt was the highest ranking officer killed on D-Day. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">At a family reunion a few years before my uncle died he
told me about the glider crash that killed Pratt with tears streaming down his
face.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He wrote “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">They overshot the landing field. The Jeep shifted when the glider hit a
hedgerow causing it to move forward, severing the pilot, Tom Seward’s right shoulder.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He died instantly. The co-pilot received a
broken back. They were surrounded by Germans fairly quickly. The co-pilot was
taken to a German field hospital.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All
they could do for him was roll up a blanket and put it under his back while
lying face up. </i><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Thankfully,
the American front line overtook the hospital four weeks later.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></i><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The glider crash that killed Pratt was fictionalized in
the movie <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Saving Private Ryan.<o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My uncle and his crew waited as long as they could, but
the area was full of Germans. I’ve posted a picture below of one of the gliders
being inspected by the Germans soon after it landed below.</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSX63UHQ6y81QFN25mjsNm2_yhCWGAgmRu-7u9WVKyvPQm98vrQeHkFnxI7afg9oUvvCCiFO8UwUjvstOOhqRlPbuim0U5g_qUC4FPHVRxOlw7yQXRDV9yUGSmRm249RfMR-H2/s1600/Germans+inspecting+gliders.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="242" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSX63UHQ6y81QFN25mjsNm2_yhCWGAgmRu-7u9WVKyvPQm98vrQeHkFnxI7afg9oUvvCCiFO8UwUjvstOOhqRlPbuim0U5g_qUC4FPHVRxOlw7yQXRDV9yUGSmRm249RfMR-H2/s320/Germans+inspecting+gliders.png" width="320" /></a></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">At this point my uncle’s crew decided getting back to friendly
territory was their prime objective. Unknown to them at the time, there was a
total of 8 gliders that landed off course in the same area within about a 2
mile radius of them and there were also two German divisions there at La
Chevalerie near Saint Germaine-le-Gaillard.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The men decided to split up with my uncle taking two of
the soldiers with him and his co-pilot took the rest.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Immediately upon splitting up Germans were within
eyesight.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My uncle explains, “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The three of us were in a wheat field close
to hedgerow when a truck of Germans entered the same field in a lower corner. I
told them that everything takes time, if we jumped up, it would take time for
them to recognize us as Americans, it would take time for each one to decide
which one of us to shoot and it would take time to aim and fire. In my theory,
before they could fire the first shot, we could be over the hedgerow and be
gone. </i><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Agreeing
with me I told them we would count to three, at the word three, we would go
over the hedgerow. On the word three I sprung up, hit my head and right
shoulder on the top of the hedgerow, and pole vaulted to the other side. <o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Going
over I saw three rifles come up, but no shot was fired. <o:p></o:p></span></span></i><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I
hit the ground running. <o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In
500 feet was another hedgerow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I cleared
it the same way.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></i><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Then
I stopped to let the other two catch up.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I
was surprised to find I was alone.<o:p></o:p></span></span></i><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This
meant that the other two didn’t have a second chance.” <o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My uncle never knew what happened to the two men.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He checked with headquarters as late as
September, 1947 and there was no word as to their whereabouts.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Once alone he heads towards Cherbourg. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He spots another glider crew who has set fire
to their glider, but they are hesitant to leave because a member of their crew
was injured. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After 15 minutes or so my
uncle sets off again alone moving slowly as the area is thick with German
surveillance. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">French resistance fighter, Valentin Lebatard picks him up
on the afternoon of June 9<span style="font-size: small;"><sup>th</sup> and drops him off with a small group of
American soldiers. After 48 hours my uncle sets off alone again<o:p></o:p></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">He explains, “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Two
days later I thought I was three or four hedgerows from the American front
line, when a German medic found me. The American medics go into battle with a first-aid
kit and a stretcher; the German medics went into battle with a first aid kit
and a rifle. I was taken to German headquarters which was about three blocks
away where I was interrogated giving name, rank and serial number only.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Apparently the Germans had never heard of the
rank “Flight Officer” before.”<o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">While being held at the German headquarters my uncle met
up with Second Lieutenant James Bowley.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Per Uncle Buck Bowley had “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">come
ashore on the third day of the invasion at Utah Beach, and had been injured in
the right hip by a German hand grenade.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>He was just coming to when the Germans searched him finding his pockets
full of German insignias that he had taken from dead German soldiers.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Three
hours later they were on a truck….three feet deep with ammo and about 8 German
soldiers. The truck was pulling an 88 mm anti-aircraft gun.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></i></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Basically, they were riding in a half-track which is a
cross between a tractor and a tank. The ammo the Germans were carrying was
shells about 5 feet across and about eighteen inches in length. They could
bring down a B-17 bomber at 30,000 feet as the flak from these shells brought
down hundreds of bombers during the war.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My uncle and Lt. Bowley knew exactly where they were
headed. When the Germans captured Allied soldiers they would march them or
transport them to Paris where they would be loaded on box cars for the trip to
Berlin and on to a concentration camp deep inside Germany.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Germans had their prisoners ride on top of the
ammunition. At one section of the road which led to Paris, there was an area
that was barren of any hedgerows and trees and was vulnerable since the American
Air Corp had orders to not let anything go in or out of this area. When they
would see any German vehicle it would be fair game. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">By this time, a couple of P-47s were patrolling the road
looking for German transports.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One of
the fighters made a low pass and came around for the bomb run. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My uncle states, “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">On
his last pass the pilot decided to drop a 500 pound bomb.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The bomb hit the pavement in front of me, dug
through the pavement about one foot, rose back into the air clearing the gun
and the truck and going about 200 feet into the living room of a French house.
The bomb did not explode. We had about 20 minutes of fireworks as all the ammo
in the truck exploded.”</i><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Since the bomb did not detonate, the wing-man for the
other P-47 was going to finish off the job with a strafing pass. As the fighter
made its pass, the half-track was hit with 50 caliber machine gun rounds and it
exploded in flames. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Germans along with their prisoners took shelter at a
farmhouse. The location was identified as “La Detrousse” in the town of
Saint-Nicolas-de-Pierreport near La-Haye-du-Puits. At some point the German
Lieutenant leaves the prisoners with a guard while he and the other men go in
search of other transport.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">While they were alone the Americans were able to talk
more directly with the German soldier and even shared pictures of their
families. My uncle and Bowley attempted to persuade the German soldier that
they were all just pawns in the war.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Later, when the German Lieutenant returns he orders the
prisoners to dig their graves.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
prisoners had become a liability and had to go.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The officer left with the other men and ordered the guard to kill the
solders and catch up to them.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The guard took my uncle and Bowley to a bedroom and
showed them how the mattresses were stuffed with straw.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He indicated the men should hide in the
mattresses and not come out. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A few minutes later they heard gun fire.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A couple of shots sounded a few seconds apart.
<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Then quiet descended on the place. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The German guard had left to rejoin his group now that
the American prisoners had been “killed.”<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My uncle and Bowley hid out on the farm for almost a
month with the farmer providing them food and wine.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Around the first of July two French women
arrived at the farm accompanied by a B-17 pilot who had been shot down in the
area named Kenneth N. Haugard.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>By this
time my uncle was suffering from a high fever and Bowley’s hip injury was
getting worse. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Thankfully within a few days the Americans were in
control of the area and the men were had reached their goal – friendly
territory.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Once in friendly territory my uncle learned that his co-pilot
Wilkerson had also been captured by the Germans, but managed to escape through
the hedgerows when a passing American plane distracted their captors.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His group was able to reach friendly
territory by July 8<span style="font-size: small;"><sup>th</sup>. <o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This story had had a happy ending because both my uncle
and Wilkerson made it back to England in one piece. More than one-third of all
glider troops were killed or wounded during the time between June 6<span style="font-size: small;"><sup>th</sup>,
1944 and May, 1945. <o:p></o:p></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Both men never flew another mission, although my uncle
stayed on as a glider instruction in England as the glider was used in a few
more missions including the Battle of the Bulge, the liberation of Holland and
the crossing of the Rhine into German. The Army Air Corp glider program was
phased out in 1947, although one of the keys to the success of D-Day was the
use of the glider.</span> </span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_YLEooBKKWvV03zJtw9setCuSD5oXm8MC7a4pMEjg7S6dt4KJxdSIZazogBI5mF17xx8uRfnXmgAInDCzXd6YACR4KPokq7wea1CTiMuQv8ebdhT1q2tz3r0fv2GDJ_iv-RKC/s1600/IMG_0109+(2).JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_YLEooBKKWvV03zJtw9setCuSD5oXm8MC7a4pMEjg7S6dt4KJxdSIZazogBI5mF17xx8uRfnXmgAInDCzXd6YACR4KPokq7wea1CTiMuQv8ebdhT1q2tz3r0fv2GDJ_iv-RKC/s320/IMG_0109+(2).JPG" width="241" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Both men went on to have successful professions after the
war. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My uncle, Cyrus S. Carson had a career with Lockheed
Martin and one of his jobs was in the photography department. Cyrus retired
after 30 years in 1982. An interesting note is that both Cyrus and John built a
dark room together in England, and Cyrus used it to make a career profession. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">On October 8, 2005 Uncle Buck finally managed to have a
reunion with Wilkerson and talk over their experiences.</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjEN-GlWFVkDG4YBgCH29yjFDyYrjHeKhjK86SL02q9OhxmZKHc5jLGzAm5gbiZKN9LFJyIKBfCEXs-VXkA44ZOGnKdeG5DRsKll7tgD1UrHtUyvENpiDu7NKaLaWdZLuW4Ksz/s1600/IMG_0110+(2).JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="229" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjEN-GlWFVkDG4YBgCH29yjFDyYrjHeKhjK86SL02q9OhxmZKHc5jLGzAm5gbiZKN9LFJyIKBfCEXs-VXkA44ZOGnKdeG5DRsKll7tgD1UrHtUyvENpiDu7NKaLaWdZLuW4Ksz/s320/IMG_0110+(2).JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span> </div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">Both men provided interviews with the Palm Springs Air
Museum in association with the Veterans History Project of the Library of
Congress and their glider experiences during D-Day were included in the book <em>Forgotten Wings </em>by Phillippe Esvelin.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlvs8LXP_9bkxfb5NokHVKOikX75TY32rArJzxOIoDkk1oJrdWlXzyBgnK9zVnwWHcjG0BACigaPsayRZ4_wM3chQxLhQj2A7AzT_wO35lmCtItNxIDJL4xSTwMSKecqn2dE2N/s1600/glider+pilot+wings.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="133" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjlvs8LXP_9bkxfb5NokHVKOikX75TY32rArJzxOIoDkk1oJrdWlXzyBgnK9zVnwWHcjG0BACigaPsayRZ4_wM3chQxLhQj2A7AzT_wO35lmCtItNxIDJL4xSTwMSKecqn2dE2N/s320/glider+pilot+wings.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-27370887520522252052013-06-05T12:24:00.000-04:002013-06-05T12:24:16.356-04:00The Know Nothings and the Washington Monument
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I've tried to get back into the groove of active posting by sharing old pictures on my Facebook page for "History Is Elementary" in the evening over the last several days. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">What? You don't "like" me on Facebook?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Well, what are you waiting for?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Look on the right sidebar and scroll down to find the Facebook "like" box and click that sucker pronto!</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">There...don't you feel better, now?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">So, anyway, Tuesday night I posted this picture of the Washington Monument.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMtKGK20Klx3HXWi4sqdHBdlWIiDb39lsBaMrC1dLOKRi3bzvAv8GSBEICNgMHrJw-Mal1pukf3EqW-6pwOgNqpDc_llbrJDkAMTqXXariMX9uTdpM6JY35GJMJ0RayX_l4EdX/s1600/HIE2+(2).jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMtKGK20Klx3HXWi4sqdHBdlWIiDb39lsBaMrC1dLOKRi3bzvAv8GSBEICNgMHrJw-Mal1pukf3EqW-6pwOgNqpDc_llbrJDkAMTqXXariMX9uTdpM6JY35GJMJ0RayX_l4EdX/s320/HIE2+(2).jpg" width="267" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Yes, I know. It doesn't look right, does it? At the point this picture was taken the construction had been suspended. In fact, the monument sat for 25 years with no action whatsoever. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Of course, knowing that the above picture was taken in 1860 it would be very easy to surmise construction stopped because of the Civil War...and to a point, you would be right, but the war isn't the only reason why construction stopped. Work was suspended around 1854, six years prior to the first shot fired at Fort Sumter, so....there had to be another reason for the suspension.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">It had something to do with those durned Know Nothings. I've written about them before way back in 2006 when I told my students <a href="http://www.american-presidents.org/2006/03/millard-fillmore-was-know-nothing.html">Millard Fillmore was a Know Nothing</a>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Back then I advised Fillmore accepted the 1856 presidential nomination for the Know Nothing or American Party. They were a Nativist group that feared Catholics would gain too much control of state and local governments and opposed their immigration. Know Nothings wanted to use the government to push their agenda regarding a Protestant Anglo-Saxon society. They called for limits on immigration, wanted to limit political office to native-born Americans only, and called for a twenty-one year wait for immigrants to become citizens. Other extreme desires of the Know Nothings were a limit on the sale of liquor, and to have their version of the Bible read in American classrooms. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">The name Know Nothing derives from the fact that when party members were asked about the group's activities, they were supposed to reply, "I know nothing."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">When the first idea was hatched concerning the Washington Monument a society was formed as early as 1832 to oversee the design and construction named The Washington National Monument Society.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">A design contest was held which Robert Mills won. The image below was his original design.</span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidGtJp4IkQXRw7vTtG_9qx1m641pV9kalDfNZqa7kKmCQQHB9Wh2O1xlYpFXdBaGkdKURShaGXPohj4lr8pn0UrSdM6ifP0Gn3Hps3p-FXQECiCSN-g-GeHe-911CUt_H9Qv9D/s1600/Washington+Monumet+Design.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidGtJp4IkQXRw7vTtG_9qx1m641pV9kalDfNZqa7kKmCQQHB9Wh2O1xlYpFXdBaGkdKURShaGXPohj4lr8pn0UrSdM6ifP0Gn3Hps3p-FXQECiCSN-g-GeHe-911CUt_H9Qv9D/s320/Washington+Monumet+Design.jpg" width="187" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Yes, the original design was altered along the way.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">In 1849, funds had begun to dwindle. The Society began the commemorative stone program where states could donate engraved stones that would be installed in the interior of the monument. The program got a little out of the hand as more folks got involved.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">The purpose of the program was to help all Americans feel a part of the memorial and more importantly to the society the stone donation program would cut the cost regarding the number of stones that had to be purchased. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Stone began arriving from states as well as other territories, foreign nations, fraternal organizations, societies, businesses and even a couple of American Indian tribes. While a few stones were delivered with a donation towards the construction, many did not. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Some of the stones came with inscriptions that didn't have anything to do with President Washington. The Templars of Honor and Temperance sent a stone that said, "We will not buy, sell, or use as a beverage any spirituous or malt liquors, wine, cider, or any other alcoholic liquor."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">The Know Nothings gained control of the Society in 1855 and kept things in turmoil. Basically, they took control of the records and started their own organization, of sorts. Work slowed down to a crawl with only four feet being added to the monument over the next three years. Eventually, the work stopped.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">The Know Nothings also objected severely to one of the donated commemorative stones. Pope Pius IX donated a stone taken from the Temple of Concord in Rome and had it inscribed "Rome to America". Of course, the Know Nothings weren't happy about the stone due to their anti-Catholic feelings.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Supposedly, a group of Know Nothings stole the stone, smashed it to bits and threw the pieces into the Potomac River.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">You can read more about it <a href="http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1499&dat=19780728&id=TVwaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=sCkEAAAAIBAJ&pg=3865,4100619">here</a> from a 1970s article in the <em>Milwaukee Journal</em>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">The <em>Washington Sentinel</em> from March 8, 1854 advised the block was mutilated beyond recognition before being thrown into the river. In the days that followed souvenir hunters fanned out across the banks of the river looking for fragments. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">In 1858, the Know Nothings gave up their control of the Society, and finally in 1876, President Ulysses S. Grant signed an act that gave control of the Washington Monument to the U.S government. The Society would still solicit funds and provide advice regarding construction. Once government funding was in place the monument was finished with a few modifications to the original design. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">So, is the Pope's stone still at the bottom of the Potomac River?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">A Washington Post article from June, 1892 advises a large stone....sharply cut and beautifully polished was found near the southwest corner of the abutment for the Long Bridge over the Potomac River during a period of construction. The stone had marks on it that might have come from a hammer and an inscription on one side had been partially knocked off in several places. Just enough remained, however, to make out "RO - MERICA" cut deep in Gothic letters.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial;">In fact, the Smithsonian boasts a piece of the Pope's stone they received as a donation in 1972. The woman who donated it claimed she had held onto the stone for over 60 years. Her brother gave her the stone via one of the supposed original thieves.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial;">As far as I can tell the rowdy members of the Know Nothings responsible for the theft were never found. The Know Nothing Party was eventually absorbed into the Republican Party.</span></div>
EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-8488658299690659162013-01-29T14:20:00.001-05:002013-01-29T14:23:20.448-05:00More About the Hunley<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKTLkpqzxLPuXtZiZkVt86wVT7KxoLySMbxD6UnkX03p_nERB9ebidOVUVudnwQ1vQsxgshb-z5FwPBYlYPUbUBpS6UujU07KFxFZmt2uFjlgy-2BCTwmeMorVl8pgx8UjHa9J/s1600/hunley.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKTLkpqzxLPuXtZiZkVt86wVT7KxoLySMbxD6UnkX03p_nERB9ebidOVUVudnwQ1vQsxgshb-z5FwPBYlYPUbUBpS6UujU07KFxFZmt2uFjlgy-2BCTwmeMorVl8pgx8UjHa9J/s200/hunley.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
<a href="http://www.postandcourier.com/article/20130128/PC16/130129301/1268/hunley-legend-altered-by-new-discovery&source=RSS"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This article begins</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">….”For nearly 150 years, the story of
the <em>Hunley’s</em> attack on the <em>USS Housatonic</em> has been Civil War legend. And it has
been wrong.”<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Oops.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Well, correcting myths, legends and poor history has been
habit around here, so let’s dive in. <smile><o:p></o:p></smile></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In this case it isn’t so much intentionally reporting
incorrect history or revising history to make it more interesting –it’s just
that we didn’t have all the pieces of the puzzle.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As new pieces are scrutinized from the
wreckage we have to adjust the story.... even if it’s been part of the story for
over a hundred years.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In this case eyewitness accounts at the time of the
attack have been debunked because a piece of the Confederate submarine’s
torpedo was found to be attached to its spar. This means the <em>Hunley</em> was much
closer to the blast –within 20 feet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><o:p> </o:p>You can read the whole thing </span><a href="http://www.postandcourier.com/article/20130128/PC16/130129301/1268/hunley-legend-altered-by-new-discovery&source=RSS"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">here</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><o:p> </o:p>So far, the part of the romantic part of the story
regarding Queenie’s coin has <strong>NOT </strong>been debunked, and for that I’m very glad.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">You can read THAT party of the <em>Hunley</em> story </span><a href="http://historyiselementary.blogspot.com/2009/07/moving-history-alongqueenies-coin.html"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">here</span></a><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">, which I
wrote in 2009.</span></div>
EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-26298661468233011922013-01-22T15:50:00.001-05:002013-01-22T15:52:16.756-05:00Let's Hear It for Local History<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Over the last couple of years I’ve immersed myself into a
personal local history project involving researching and writing about the
history of my home…..Douglas County, Georgia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">What started as a weekly column <a href="http://douglasville.patch.com/columns/every-now-and-then">here</a> at <em>Douglasville Patch</em>
morphed into a blog called <em>Every Now and Then</em> located <a href="http://douglascountyhistory.blogspot.com/">here</a>.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I’ve learned several interesting things along the way, met
some great people, and kept myself rather busy meeting a self-imposed Monday
deadline each and every week……something I’m trying to get back to doing around
here at <em>History Is Elementary</em> as well.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">One of the things I’ve tried to do in many of my postings is
to connect local history to the larger picture of what was happening in
Georgia<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>and in the United States at the
same time.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">For example, recently I wrote about a couple who moved to
Douglasville, Georgia in 1887.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Now in
and of itself that’s NOT so remarkable, but the fact that the couple was from
Chicago, Illinois caught my interest. Later as I began to get more involved in
the research I saw how far reaching the story of C.C. and Helen Wilmans Post
happened to be.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Both were journalists.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>He could be termed a muckraker actively writing during the reform
movement of the late 1800s.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I had
mentioned him in a post <a href="http://historyiselementary.blogspot.com/2011/10/mussel-slough-searching-for-gray-area.html">here</a> at <em>History Is Elementary</em> a few months ago.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">His wife, however, got caught up as the self-described founder
of “mental science” hawking her “lessons” and books discussing how upon receipt
of a fee she could cure patients of various ailments.....a process she described as an "absent cure."</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">While his wife was busy receiving thousands of dollars a
year for her “services”, C.C. Post had become not only heavily involved with
local politics in Douglasville, Georgia he also became very involved with third
party politics in Georgia via the Farmers Alliance which grew into the Populist
Party.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was known not only on the
local stage, but on the state and national stage as well.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Posts are an interesting study regarding the time period
and how folks reacted to them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">You can access<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>their
story at the following links</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Part One…..<a href="http://douglascountyhistory.blogspot.com/2012/12/a-little-background-on-mr-and-mrs-post.html">A Little Background on Mr. and Mrs. Post<o:p></o:p></a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Part Two….<a href="http://douglascountyhistory.blogspot.com/2013/01/when-mr-and-mrs-post-came-to-town.html">When Mr. and Mrs. Post Came to Town<o:p></o:p></a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Part Three….<a href="http://douglascountyhistory.blogspot.com/2013/01/mr-post-and-third-party-politics.html">Mr. Post and Third Party Politics<o:p></o:p></a></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Part Four….<a href="http://douglascountyhistory.blogspot.com/2013/01/my-final-post-regarding-posts.html">My Final Post Regarding the Posts<o:p></o:p></a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My local blog has its very own <em>Facebook </em>page where readers
can stay advised regarding updates.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You
are more than welcome to “like” the page <a href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/Every-Now-and-Then/169847036453226">here</a>.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span>EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-2440981578958613612013-01-14T16:58:00.003-05:002013-01-14T17:01:14.787-05:00Pursuing Goals<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Pursuing one’s goals…..a
worthy pursuit, right?<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Hard work and
determination….giving each and every move careful consideration…..making a
plan……following the steps….changing course when necessary……<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Yes, all of these
are strategies to pursue one’s goals, but all too often we get tired of the
time it takes to reach our goals.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">That’s when
short-cuts come into play.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Take the following
words. They represent a short cut……<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">“The most direct
path would be to leave the Oregon route, about two hundred miles east of Fort
Hall; thence bearing west south-west, to the Salt Lake; and thence continuing
down to the bay of San Francisco.”<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhztEvDQqRZz7nmNX5L0yjtlH-QRJpo3VFz7JSWooU4Zf56KdT7FFGM2yedgydbv17x26oHGyUkq3DoeDqm5ilD1aDL8I31tq3FQf_J1BFGyIyoroBtO8Q4TIjgQqXLi906fsrK/s1600/hastings1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhztEvDQqRZz7nmNX5L0yjtlH-QRJpo3VFz7JSWooU4Zf56KdT7FFGM2yedgydbv17x26oHGyUkq3DoeDqm5ilD1aDL8I31tq3FQf_J1BFGyIyoroBtO8Q4TIjgQqXLi906fsrK/s200/hastings1.jpg" width="121" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">It was with those
few words the <a href="http://tahb.blogspot.com/2013/01/the-donner-party.html">George Donner party</a> made the fateful decision to take a short-cut
they found highlighted in the book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The
Emigrants’ Guide to Oregon and California.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></i></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The book was written
by Lansford Hastings and even though he never met any member of the Donner
party, and even though Hastings didn’t exactly promote the short-cut he is
forever linked to the disastrous end the Donner party faced.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Some sources state Hastings who had explored
the West extensively had never even traveled on the trail.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Other sources mention he had gone down the
trail with no incident a few weeks ahead of the Donner party.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Lansford Hastings
had written his book in 1844 to entice settlers to California which at that
time was held by Mexico. Hastings’ goal was to set up an independent republic
and as a result be able to take some sort of office in governance. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Yes, that was
Lansford Hastings’ goal to hold a high public office……<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The Republic of
California or the Bear Republic did exist for a time in 1846, but just for a
few days before U.S. soldiers arrived and the annexation process began.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Yes, that’s why the
<a href="http://www.bearflagmuseum.org/History.html">state flag of California</a> has a bear on it even to this day.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Lansford Hastings
still had to meet his goal, however….hence the Hastings Plot.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ever hear of it?<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">During the Civil War
Lansford Hastings sided with the Confederacy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Even though he had been living in Arizona for some time he traveled to
Richmond late in the war and met with President Jefferson Davis.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He tried to convince President Davis to allow
him….on behalf of the Confederate States of America to wrestle California away
from the Union and make it part of the Confederacy. The war was over in a year
so the plot never amounted to much.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Still……..Lansford
Hastings continued to be a man in search of a kingdom…..er…..republic of his
own.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">It does seem like he
had a plan and just kept working those same steps over and over. Doesn’t
it?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In the years
following the war Hastings became involved with a group of ex-Confederates who
wanted to move to Brazil.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lansford
Hastings traveled to South America, and met with the government there to set up
arrangements for the Americans to settle.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>He also wrote a guide for those wishing to move there.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Lansford Hastings
died while traveling to Brazil accompanying a group of settlers in 1870, and
while he never did achieve his goal of a high governmental office Hastings did
achieve one thing….<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKKIOxBaAiG88Gj1bL7lBifNQwIw7AwbHxmyPyS1q4mRZkwPYq5vc1lpBLldjvPSPfsBgOBUuweWlxh42ZEzDycOXxqQfhCh1wLi1McvWumA23KfAdonOXzLAGl3be6H0qwKj4/s1600/Confedarado.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKKIOxBaAiG88Gj1bL7lBifNQwIw7AwbHxmyPyS1q4mRZkwPYq5vc1lpBLldjvPSPfsBgOBUuweWlxh42ZEzDycOXxqQfhCh1wLi1McvWumA23KfAdonOXzLAGl3be6H0qwKj4/s320/Confedarado.jpg" width="221" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Over 10,000
Confederados. as they are known in Brazil remain there and are descended from
the ex-Confederates. Every year they have festivals complete with Confederate
flags, Confederate uniforms, hoop skirts, food of the American South infused
with that of Brazil.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They also have
dances and music their ancestors brought with them….styles from the antebellum
period.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS PMincho";">Former First Lady
Rosalyn Carter’s great uncle was one of the first Confederados in Brazil.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Carters traveled to Brazil in 1972.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">Getting back to Lansford Hastings...He finally got that kingdom, of sorts. He just didn't get to govern over it.</span></div>
EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-19085880209585725062012-12-05T12:21:00.000-05:002012-12-05T12:21:33.488-05:00Yes, You Can Quote Me!
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQo-a0KczXWGEkrsVNVzIMPNgSYIrBKH327Xb32pQwUZvb-u-X4qMnB3iX67wVi0BHayNpxFWAqp1wMsMhXpLuuRPkImdQ-SI4IQ2h57LFVekxJigIkCv7YHKYnhSouL_MRh3A/s1600/quotations.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQo-a0KczXWGEkrsVNVzIMPNgSYIrBKH327Xb32pQwUZvb-u-X4qMnB3iX67wVi0BHayNpxFWAqp1wMsMhXpLuuRPkImdQ-SI4IQ2h57LFVekxJigIkCv7YHKYnhSouL_MRh3A/s200/quotations.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Presidential quotes have always held my interest. I think they have a valid place in the classroom. Taken out of context they can appear as a random mish-mash of who the man happened to be, but when you do a little digging the quotations help students to gain a little more insight into the man and the historical era in question.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">For example, take these three quotations attributed to President Woodrow Wilson.....</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">---<em>The government, which was designed for the people, have got into the hands of the bosses and their employers, the special interests. An invisible empire has been set up above the forms of democracy.</em></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">---<em>I not only use all the brains that I have, but all that I can borrow.</em></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">---<em>A conservative is a man who just sits and thinks, mostly sits.</em></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">It doesn't matter if I agree with the sentiments or not. What's important is allowing students to dig, make connections and to discover for themselves the context of the quote. I think the process is even more powerful when students can take quotes from an era different from their own and determine if the quotation has validity in contemporary times.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Main_Page">Wikiquote</a> is a source you can use regarding specific quotations and their context. Sometimes I have used presidential biographies to choose the quotes.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">Getting back to President Wilson.....here are a few links to posts I've written in the past regarding his life and time in office.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://mymindisongeorgia.blogspot.com/2012/08/woodrow-wilson-atlanta-lawyer.html">Woodrow Wilson's Time in Atlanta</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://historyiselementary.blogspot.com/2007/03/president-wilsons-other-wife.html">President Wilson's Other Wife</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://www.american-presidents.org/2006/04/election-of-1912.html">The Election of 1912</a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><a href="http://mymindisongeorgia.blogspot.com/2010/09/wordless.html">Wilson's Boyhood Home in Augusta, Georgia</a></span></div>
EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-27528593914058470242012-11-29T00:17:00.001-05:002012-11-29T00:17:11.019-05:00The Online College Student - Lazy?<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Most colleges and universities provide their students with opportunities to take courses online. Unfortunately, online classes still suffer a bad reputation due to many myths that simply don't hold water. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;">The following Info graphic takes a hard look at online education...</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<a href="http://www.getarealdegree.com/2012/09/the-online-college-student-infographic/"><img src="http://www.getarealdegree.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/onlinecollegesterotypesedit912.jpg" style="max-width: 100%;" /></a><br />
Via: <a href="http://www.getarealdegree.com/">GetARealDegree.Com</a>EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-15120534647151237452012-11-23T18:34:00.000-05:002012-11-23T18:39:23.531-05:0013 Things - Lincoln...the Movie<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguQFs0INGRi-8cf88_GykWjrK-F7erhfXrR-dLsBpuxKZ3cu4loKyLB-QKq_kyiGv634AtHxp5l-aAi5bGd70-62pRRvFeoQm2gyO-pKAOxKJPieE2ycYWLPHitSOqO2g-8nCZ/s1600/Lincoln.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguQFs0INGRi-8cf88_GykWjrK-F7erhfXrR-dLsBpuxKZ3cu4loKyLB-QKq_kyiGv634AtHxp5l-aAi5bGd70-62pRRvFeoQm2gyO-pKAOxKJPieE2ycYWLPHitSOqO2g-8nCZ/s200/Lincoln.jpg" width="135" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">I went to see the movie <em>Lincoln</em> last weekend.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">I loved it!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">I’m looking forward to seeing it again…and again.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">The movie covers the time period from January, 1865 to
April 9 at the end of the war and five days later when President Lincoln was
assassinated.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;">Spielberg had already begun to develop the idea of a
movie concerning Lincoln, but after attending a luncheon for historians where
he met and spoke with Doris Kerns Goodwin he decided to base his project on her
book, <em>Team of Rivals</em>, however, the scope of the book…..the scope of Lincoln’s
presidency is too large and complex a subject to digest into a movie format.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Spielberg had to decide what to focus on, and I’m pleased
he decided to focus on the struggle to end the war and most importantly
the wheeling and dealing that was necessary to get the 13<span style="font-size: small;"><sup>th</sup>
amendment passed.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Here are 13 little tidbits regarding the movie….<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">1.Spielberg and his team spent over twelve years
researching the movie.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The attention to
detail far outweighs other discrepancies here and there, even though those very
discrepancies are the subject of this post. One detail that amazes me happens
to be the watch sounds you hear in the movie…tick, tick, tick.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The sound is from Lincoln’s actual pocket
watch he was wearing the night of the assassination. The watch is on display at
the Kentucky Historical Society in Frankfurt, Kentucky. Spielburg recorded the
watch sounds and incorporated them into the movie.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">2. Other "real" sounds that Lincoln would have heard were used as well. Lincoln often visited St. John's Episcopal Church after reading the war reports at the telegraph office. He would slip into the church if services were underway and slip out again before the members of the congregation would know the President of the United States had been there. Spielberg's team recorded the actual sounds of the St. John's steeple bell as well as the creaking of Lincoln's pew and the floorboards he would have stepped on.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">3. There are no historical indications at all that Mary
Todd Lincoln ever attended any sessions of Congress including the House debates
or votes concerning the 13<span style="font-size: small;"><sup>th</sup> Amendment though the movie indicates
her attendance. This is purely for dramatic flair…. I don’t have a problem with
it, but in 1865 it simply wasn’t done.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">4. While the debate and voting scenes did take place in
the <a href="http://www.aoc.gov/capitol-buildings/national-statuary-hall">old House chambers</a> at the U.S. Capitol, voting would not have taken place
called by state delegations.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It would
have been done alphabetically. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">5.Also, many of the representatives who voted “NO” on the
13<span style="font-size: small;"><sup>th</sup> Amendment are not identified in the movie correctly. As with
any congressional vote there are many reasons why a member votes for or against
a measure, but Spielberg decided to change the names for fear the men’s
families would be embarrassed or suffer undue attention. </span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I’m not sure how I feel about that….</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">6. At one instance President Lincoln mentions something
about signing the 13<span style="font-size: small;"><sup>th</sup> Amendment. That wouldn’t have……shouldn’t have
been done.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Resolutions are not turned
into amendments by the signature of the President. They are passed by both
houses of Congress and then ratified by the states. President Lincoln’s
signature was NOT needed……..however, in a quirky move he DID.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>President Lincoln did sign the 13tth
Amendment!</span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">You can read about it <a href="http://showcase.netins.net/web/creative/lincoln/news/tlmdocument.htm">here<o:p>.</o:p></a></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">7.In a few scenes the Executive Mansion is referred to as
the White House.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was not in vogue
during Lincoln’s administration, and would not have happened. In Lincoln’s day
the “people’s house” would have been referred to as the Executive Mansion or
The Mansion.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">8.During the brief scene at Appomattox General U.S. Grant
is shown very clean however, according to the late historian Shelby Foote (loved
that man!) in Ken Burn’s <em>Civil War</em> series Grant attended the formal surrender
wearing the overcoat of a private and was very muddy.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">9.At some point the political operatives Lincoln hired to
help sway votes in favor of the 13<span style="font-size: small;"><sup>th</sup> amendment mention to the
President they are having problems paying people off since the coins they are
using have Lincoln’s likeness on them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>These coins did not exist during the fight to push the 13<sup>th</sup>
amendment through.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They didn’t exist
until four years after Lincoln’s assassination, and of course, it was the
penny, not a fifty cent piece as mentioned in the movie.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">10.Thankfully the last scenes of <em>Lincoln</em> do not go into
great depth regarding the Lincoln assassination.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Thankfully….because most Americans are familiar
with the events and Spielberg wanted to hit on portions of Lincoln’s
administration that viewers might not know as much about. What was included was
a scene after Lincoln had been removed from Ford’s Theater and taken across the
street to the Peterson house.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>What the
scene portrays, however, is a little inaccurate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Rather than laying in the fetal position as
he passed away fully clothed Lincoln was placed on the bed diagonally as the
bed couldn’t support his tall frame any other way.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lincoln was also naked under the covers as
his clothes were removed so that he could be examined for other possible
wounds.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">11.On the day the crew filmed the final vote in the old
House Chambers, Michael Stanton, the actor who played Hiram Price began to
cry.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Later he told Spielberg his
great-grandfather had been a member of the press in 1865 and had sat in the
gallery that historic day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The moment
simply overcame him…..Stanton said, “There we were in this room recreating one
of the most important moments in American history and up there in the Gallery
sat my great-grandfather.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">
N</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">ow…..THAT’S a historical moment!<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">12. While many historians have been critical of the voice
for Lincoln Daniel Day-Lewis developed for his portrayal of Lincoln, Spielberg
apparently approved of it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I liked it….<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is said when Day-Lewis developed a voice
he liked he made an audiotape of it and sent it to Spielberg in a box labeled
with a skull and cross bones meaning for Spielberg’s eyes only.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">13.Finally, many critics and friends have stated to me
that Daniel Day-Lewis should win the Academy Award for his performance as
President Lincoln.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I agree.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>He was fantastic, however, did you know he
wasn’t the first choice to portray Lincoln?<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Yes…..Liam Neeson was involved in discussions regarding
the part, but finally bowed out because he felt he too old.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">You can read some of my other postings concerning President
Lincoln listed below:<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://historyiselementary.blogspot.com/2010/01/haiti-connectiona-poor-answer-for.html">The Haiti Connection: A Poor Answer for the Slavery Issue<o:p></o:p></a></span></span></div>
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</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://historyiselementary.blogspot.com/2007/08/did-lincoln-make-deal-with-god.html">Did Lincoln Make a Deal With God?<o:p></o:p></a></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://historyiselementary.blogspot.com/2006/07/unanswered-questions-fuel-love-of.html">Unanswered Questions Fuel the Love of Learning<o:p></o:p></a></span></span></div>
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</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">You can find some other interesting bits of information
about the 13<span style="font-size: small;"><sup>th</sup> Amendment <a href="http://www.mrlincolnandfreedom.org/inside.asp?ID=59&subrjectID=3">here</a>.</span></span></span>EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-54874074141453681662012-11-14T18:29:00.002-05:002012-11-15T08:16:19.171-05:00Mixed Images...One Powerful Message<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: small;">Look at this
picture.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Observe it very carefully. You can click on the pictures to isolate them and make them a little larger</span></span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgL1uSQMbrAJc3JlwsYGVNJDVz2N2mDMq2eBlC53n4Jm-5Rz9FLNHnW3dIRINmFA9ou01KbB3shZxJzArI9tXBu14Sz3H_bwE5Simnlo7ocrkWsy49VJE8qG9U9THc85c4-mEvv/s1600/Soldiers+marching.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="202" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgL1uSQMbrAJc3JlwsYGVNJDVz2N2mDMq2eBlC53n4Jm-5Rz9FLNHnW3dIRINmFA9ou01KbB3shZxJzArI9tXBu14Sz3H_bwE5Simnlo7ocrkWsy49VJE8qG9U9THc85c4-mEvv/s320/Soldiers+marching.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Yes, you see
soldiers proceeding up a street, but notice that you are actually looking at
two images…..one from World War II and another from more contemporary times of
the same location.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">A historical
mix…of sorts.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Think about
the impact this could have on students of history.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Think about the connections that students
could make between historical content and their surroundings.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">These
pictures are the work of historical expert Jo Teeuwisse from Amsterdam.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2219584/Ghosts-war-Artist-superimposes-World-War-II-photographs-modern-pictures-street-scenes.html">This article from the Daily Mail</a> states she
began superimposing images from different time periods of the same location
after finding 300 old negatives at a flea market in her home city depicting familiar
places in a very different context.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Here is a second example of her work.......</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguS0AmmAx9o7nil1fLjl-ziuWOtAs6QxnjqrDfyXG-x6f9avj0cqe5GmTJbBgHlS5D2Ju-bYBaPeoLbI6vDE0_Vmb7jc7SPSNpAggDTRTJXagHsvltSXbye9OebiJabSoFzF3A/s1600/surrendering+germans.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="264" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguS0AmmAx9o7nil1fLjl-ziuWOtAs6QxnjqrDfyXG-x6f9avj0cqe5GmTJbBgHlS5D2Ju-bYBaPeoLbI6vDE0_Vmb7jc7SPSNpAggDTRTJXagHsvltSXbye9OebiJabSoFzF3A/s320/surrendering+germans.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Like Miss
Teeuwisse I think this process of making war scenes or any historical image
have meaning by linking it to a more familiar image heightens the impact. As
she states, “knowing the exact spot of some detail will etch it into your
visual memory.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Teeuwisse’s
work isn’t just as simple as layering photographs, however. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She researches daily life before and during
the war, interviews eye witnesses when she can and recreates certain aspects of
history to gain a unique insight into that area.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Isn’t that
something than any history teacher worth a grain of salt wants to do with their
students?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Of
course…..part of our job description is to help students gain unique insight
into the historical content we present to them.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Click
through to see the pictures presented with the<em> Daily Mail</em> article.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also visit the <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/hab3045/collections/72157629378669812/">Ghosts of History Flicker page</a>
and the <a href="https://www.facebook.com/thenandnowghostsofhistory">Facebook page</a> here.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">I’m thinking
the process of superimposing images from various historical times …..The Civil
War, Civil Rights and not just World War II would be a valid project for
students with a little planning and guidance.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: small;">What do you
think?<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-73021688888038937202012-10-24T01:18:00.000-04:002012-10-24T14:05:43.095-04:00The Tale of the Red River Raft<br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 21px;">I love the story of the Red River Raft for several reasons. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 21px;">First the name...you might see in your mind's eye images of pioneers racing down a river with all of their earthly possessions stacked on a hastily fashioned wooden log raft, but that's not what this story is all about. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 21px;">In fact, the story involves the INABILITY to move on a river.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 21px;">Yes...this story is not what you expect, and if you spend any time around here then you know I like the unexpected change-up in content.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 21px;">This story also embraces a bit of historical myth... which again....if you spend any time around here reading my meager little offerings you know I like to bust those myths as much as possible, but in this case....it might be okay to include the myth with the lesson content as a hook to draw students in. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">This story also has geological and geographical </span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 18px;">implications</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 115%;"> and a bit of science. It spans several historical eras including Native Americans, pioneers, and the transportation age...and some interesting characters as well. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">Known as the great raft, it was actually a gigantic log jam. It was a huge "raft" that clogged the Red River and ran for 160 miles.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">Now at this point I'm sure you are asking yourself.....What in the heck could cause this thing? I was asking that very thing myself.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">It seems the flood rivers of the </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">Mississippi River engulfed the smaller Red River forcing large amounts of driftwood upstream....over thousands of years a log jam formed comprised of cedar, cypress and petrified wood.</span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In 1806, President Thomas Jefferson assigned Thomas Freeman and Peter Custis to explore the southern Louisiana Territory. President Jefferson ranked their trip second only to the more well known Lewis and Clark Expedition. Freeman and Custis discovered the log jam north of present day Natchitoches, Louisiana and described it as "so tightly bound a man could walk over it in any direction." It covered the width of the river and went to the bottom. </span></span><br />
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">You can find out more information regarding the expedition <a href="http://www.monticello.org/site/research-and-collections/red-river-expedition">here</a> and <a href="http://here./">here.</a> </span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">See the map of the expedition below:</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjn5Fe4UtY7jd-7J963JNf6RAOPRGwmsjVkWKH3ymYcGtxUYknCKSGcTHn-zrqu9TaLV6wEuiI4IAI_sEtMf5m78xLxfaLB64C5iLcnREpB6ooJyjkP9JnaDch8AyKDoU_uaXkY/s1600/Red+River+Expedition.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="121" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjn5Fe4UtY7jd-7J963JNf6RAOPRGwmsjVkWKH3ymYcGtxUYknCKSGcTHn-zrqu9TaLV6wEuiI4IAI_sEtMf5m78xLxfaLB64C5iLcnREpB6ooJyjkP9JnaDch8AyKDoU_uaXkY/s400/Red+River+Expedition.png" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The first effort to clear the river came in 1833 when Captain Henry M. Shreve of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers used a new invention Shreve had contrived called the "snag steamboat" to pull the logs out and send them floating downstream. The boats had and interesting nickname..."Uncle Sam's Tooth Pullers". These boats were not just used to clear the Red River Raft. They were also used to clear snags along the Mississippi and other major waterways.</span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">It took three years to clear approximately 70 miles of the river, but by 1839, the raft had reclaimed much of what had been cleared.</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkQ_CmM21t2KamWVh6X6IPIDgqw1mgemyHtvxfKoM9PB7YxcKmrZwKocObpWo2bIRlL3bhlPi7ZtUNc8omKJLmy65Si_I5jo13DC2U5t_o4MWFzmLCKBjMaBoAwONw5BAswV-o/s1600/redriverraft.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkQ_CmM21t2KamWVh6X6IPIDgqw1mgemyHtvxfKoM9PB7YxcKmrZwKocObpWo2bIRlL3bhlPi7ZtUNc8omKJLmy65Si_I5jo13DC2U5t_o4MWFzmLCKBjMaBoAwONw5BAswV-o/s1600/redriverraft.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">One scheme after another followed for the next 32 years trying to free the Red River Raft. Some resources report the government spent over half a million dollars to remove the log jam.</span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">By 1872, Lieutenant E.A. Woodruff, an Army engneer tried his hand at attacking the log jam. He used Shreve's snag boats, but added other boats as well including boats outfitted with saws and boats with cranes to eat away at the edges of the raft. </span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.usace.army.mil/About/History/HistoricalVignettes/CivilEngineering/003Woodruff.aspx">This link </a>tells a bit more regarding Lieutenant Woodruff's work, and how he met his death. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">Eventually, another tool was utilized as well when the boats couldn't untangle the logs...</span><span style="line-height: 18px;"> nitroglycerin</span><span style="line-height: 115%;">.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">Yes, what they couldn't untangled.....they just blew up.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">To keep the log jam from reforming the crews dug reservoirs, dredged the main channel and constructed dams.</span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2RPdijlFr6_DhuiKp2K3GCuunROBcdnc0wIrWNIvjmC0v1zQWnpQhaP77o7NSsEu4rXW4h6U8z3ysZKjgKuZUVRYG0WIIhTPD946Y18lDa5Cw5rPv6n1tb8vm_mRb6KZgdEFI/s1600/redriverraft1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="315" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2RPdijlFr6_DhuiKp2K3GCuunROBcdnc0wIrWNIvjmC0v1zQWnpQhaP77o7NSsEu4rXW4h6U8z3ysZKjgKuZUVRYG0WIIhTPD946Y18lDa5Cw5rPv6n1tb8vm_mRb6KZgdEFI/s400/redriverraft1.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18px;">By 1900, the Red River was permanently opened for trade from the Indian Territory to the Gulf of Mexico. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18px;">Now the story takes a little turn of the bend to the former port city of Jefferson, Texas....a town along the Red River described as the westernmost outpost on the river. The town actually spread out along the banks of Big Cypress Creek.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 18px;">The log jam existed when the town formed, and in their case the log jam actually helped them. The logs made the water level rise in the Big Cypress Bayou at Jefferson and permitted commercial riverboat travel, and of course....Jefferson became a very important port in Texas between 1845 and 1872.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">The town reached its peak right after the Civil War when the population rose to 7,297 people. The town's history page states....</span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">The years after the Civil War became Jefferson's heyday with people coming from the devastated southern states seeking a new life. In 1872, there were exports in the thousands of dry hides, green hides, tons of wool, pelts, bushels of seed, several thousand cattle and sheep and over a hundred thousand feet of lumber. For the same period, there were 226 arrivals of steamboats with a carrying capacity averaging 425 tons each....</i><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">Hotel registers from the early days indicate some very important folks moved through Jefferson including Ulysses S. Grant, Oscar Wilde, and Rutherford B. Hayes.</span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Today...the population is a paltry 2,024 per the 2000 census.</span></span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">So, you might be asking why the decline?</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 115%;">At this point of the story we need to bring in Jay Gould, the railroad magnate. Mr. Gould came to town wanting to bring the Texas and Pacific Railroad through Jefferson. One version of the story goes that Jefferson's town leaders would have nothing to do with the newfangled railroad because they were happy with the river traffic. They turned down Gould's offer to purchase the right-of-way, and the Texas and Pacific line did NOT go through Jefferson.</span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Gould is said to have not been happy when the folks in Jefferson turned him down, and there is a popular story...JUST a story some say....that Jay Gould announced the grass would grow in the streets of Jefferson since they turned their backs on his offer. It is said he wrote in the register of the Excelsior Hotel that the refusal to accept his offer would mean "the end of Jefferson." There is also a story concerning the fact he gave assistance to those removing the log jam which eventually caused Jefferson's decline as a port city.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 21px;">There are those who say Mr. Gould never did such a thing mainly because he didn't own the railroad until the late 1880s, and he wasn't in Jefferson until later either, but it does make for a good story.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 21px;">Many people also point to the fact that the town attempted to build its own railroad from Shreveport to Marshall in 1860, but only 45 miles was completed before the outbreak of the Civil War. Folks argue the town couldn't have been against the railroad since this attempt was made.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 21px;">Most amazingly considering how they protest the story isn't true, the city of Jefferson capitalizes on the story. It seems they have Jay Gould's personal rail car.....The Atalanta....on display and own it outright.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 21px;">No matter which version of the story you go with it cannot be denied that the destruction of the Red River Raft, and the rise of the railroad caused the city of Jefferson to decline,</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 21px;">...and what we are left with is a great story to craft lessons in order to share this information with students!</span></span></div>
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EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-69401829409820122062012-09-25T23:26:00.001-04:002012-09-25T23:51:48.572-04:00Movie Review: Lawless<br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I went to see the move <i>Lawless</i> the other night and was quiet pleased. A friend recommended the movie to me and told me I would like to see it because it was just MY THING.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Well.....it was MY THING and more....mainly because it is real history based on true story. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The movie is based on the book <i>The Wettest County in the World</i> that has been aptly described as a fictional account of a very real time. Matt Bondurant, the author, writes of his family including his grandfather....the main characters of the book.... and calls his work a parallel history using family stories, archival records, news clippings and court transcripts.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The movie is termed a gangster film and to a certain extent that's a correct description.....The movie opens in 1931 when the three Bondurant boys are making and selling moonshine in Franklin County, Virginia. While violence is just part of the business things get dicey when a corrupt lawman wants a cut and the Bondurant boys don't want to play. Apparently, making moonshine was a huge business......hence the title of Matt Bondurant's book.....because it's estimated that 90 people out of 100 were making moonshine or had some connection with the making of it in Franklin County.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Of course, the Bondurant boys were breaking the law....but while watching the movie we don't really care. In this instance they are the bad boys girls seem to like and root for.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The movie stars Shia LaBeouf and one of my new favorite leading men....Tom Hardy....who plays the seemingly invincible Forrest Bondurant. I'm seriously thinking I need to hunt through <i>Netflix </i>and view some of Hardy's other cinematic offerings.....if you know what I mean. </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgVeUCuSRCYbrQoSQIaWp88hp1m8QsYb-LSXUGOSDUVLkMgA8jOLrBjiAe9wCJ1jxnyokCBUiPOgjwofHHfAnX0OCwTSu8fHGYqlqqkHm7YEIBG-8xFcGT4h_kYvtjmR63_3th/s1600/Tom+Hardy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="318" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgVeUCuSRCYbrQoSQIaWp88hp1m8QsYb-LSXUGOSDUVLkMgA8jOLrBjiAe9wCJ1jxnyokCBUiPOgjwofHHfAnX0OCwTSu8fHGYqlqqkHm7YEIBG-8xFcGT4h_kYvtjmR63_3th/s320/Tom+Hardy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Violence? Yes, the movie is full of it....so was the book, but the moonshine business was a violent business after all. The book....reviewed by Lauren Bufferd at <i>BookPage</i> mentions the book is "extremely graphic, with multiple descriptions of physical injury, brutality and sadistic behavior."</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The movie is rather graphic, too.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">One of the events the movie mentions but doesn't go into any detail about is the Great Franklin Moonshine Conspiracy trial of 1935....with good reason.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.thefranklinnewspost.com/article.cfm?ID=9297">Per this article </a>the conspiracy began....<i>in 1928 when then Franklin County Sheriff Peter Hodges divided the county into districts and assigned a deputy to each district. The deputy's job was to enlist people to operate stills and then collect protection money - $25 per still, $10 per load of whiskey and $5 for a filing station. </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">And while folks like me and historians....want to write scholarly works on the subject the fact of the matter is they can't because many of the court documents regarding the conspiracy is missing.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">T<a href="http://www.roanoke.com/wb/xp-163067">his article states.</a>....<i>But the events of the 1930s have produced no scholarly study, in part because court files and the official trial transcript inexplicably disappeared in the 1950s. Finding the missing documents has become the personal mission of T. Keister Greer, A Rocky Mount lawyer who retired last year after practicing 42 years. Greer, 69, has written to the survivors of the attorneys involved in the conspiracy trial, scoured court records and searched state archives. He even sifted through 100 boxes containing the personal papers of the Judge John Paul, who presided at the trial. The last reference to the transcript that Greer has found is a 1945 notation that the document was wired to the clerk of the U.S. District Court in Harrisonburg. "Then," Greer said, "it simply disappears from the face of the earth."</i></span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">.....Greer said a review of the trial transcript - prepared for the appeal of one defendant - could shed new light on the conspiracy trial and on a subsequent trial for jury tampering.</i></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">You really have to wonder......what happened to those court documents and why?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">A really talented teacher might want to build a mini-unit around the Franklin County experience with Prohibition and include a mystery lesson component surrounding the court records.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The book is reviewed <a href="http://www.roanoke.com/extra/wb/181763">here</a>.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i>Rolling Stone </i>reviews the movie <a href="http://www.rollingstone.com/movies/reviews/lawless-20120830">here</a>.</span></div>
EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-65929627994681361002012-09-19T01:20:00.000-04:002012-09-19T08:28:38.657-04:00Historical Hats<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2bcV-FPpdwYRXylJaM6MHJYGJnN9nZN1geM1g36ArXAJcD_KRdA3cpu2AxMZ3sdvyesqPio_LIw161V7QGOZzZF83EhJAjHKVfdkc6V3pK4-Zy0VC9Pu-zOTr8nswxMmx8o8T/s1600/hat2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2bcV-FPpdwYRXylJaM6MHJYGJnN9nZN1geM1g36ArXAJcD_KRdA3cpu2AxMZ3sdvyesqPio_LIw161V7QGOZzZF83EhJAjHKVfdkc6V3pK4-Zy0VC9Pu-zOTr8nswxMmx8o8T/s200/hat2.jpg" width="196" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I began my morning yesterday realizing I had a few things to do that didn't have anything to do with any of my goals or work....making appointments for others....finding paperwork for others....washing clothes for others....and thinking about two or three projects I needed to finish up for others.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">It's not that I mind doing these things...hardly. I like to help, but more and more I find my day is full doing a list of things that don't have anything to do with a table of contents I must flesh out, articles to write, and seeing writing opportunities......or at least answering the emails when the opportunities seek me out.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Just a normal day for me as I grew more frustrated by the minute, but this time my thinking and my realizing left my brain, moved down my arms and out my fingers to a Facebook status that said, "I wear too many hats that aren't mine...some by misguided choice, some that are inherited and some are foisted upon me. I'm going to stop. Take your friggin' hat and wear it yourself....'</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Later, while I was working out at the gym I thought about my status, and then my mind wandered to hats in general.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My first introduction to hats was at Greenbriar Mall west of Atlanta when I was five or six. Mother frequented Rich's department store....an Atlanta mainstay....quite often. Well, actually......very, very often. She knew most of the clerks by name, and they knew her, too. I can close my eyes and actually walk around the store in my mind I was so familiar with the layout. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Right in the center of the store were the escalators with the bakery on one side and the hat department as well. Every now and then if I caught Mom in the right mood she would give the clerk a smile, and they would let me sit down at the table and chair in the hat department and try on a few. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I generally went for the flimsy, wide-brimmed pastel creations...but secretly I really loved the veiled concoctions. At the time I just knew I liked them....now I know I liked them because they were deliciously sexy...add in a pair of matching leather gloves you can only remove by unbuttoning five or six covered buttons, and.....</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Oh my....</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In another life I had to have worn hats....I MUST have....and mourn the fact that they just aren't worn that much anymore....at least not in the circles I travel. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I turned away from my hat desires to think about other hats....hats in history.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Historical hats....</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">There had to be some.....right?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Earlier this year the <a href="http://www.vam.ac.uk/microsites/hats-anthology/">Victoria and Albert Museum</a> had an exhibit regarding hats. Of course, since the exhibit ....a collaboration between the museum and Stephen Jones....was in Great Britain the collection included hats belonging to former queens including Queen Victoria and Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">When we think of Queen Victoria we tend to think of a rather large aging lady in black as she spent the last several years of her life mourning the passing of her husband, Prince Albert, but for many years she dressed very colorfully including fancy bonnets. The collection at the Victoria and Albert Museum included a bonnet from the 1840s....a construction made of plaited horse hair and salmon pink ribbon. You can just make it out along the bottom half of this picture. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The beige tulle and lace hat worn in the late thirties by Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother was also in the collection. She wore the hat for a series of well known photographs taken by Cecil Beaton on the grounds of Buckingham Palace. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Turning towards American History the most iconic man's hat would have to be Abraham Lincoln's use of the top hat. Lincoln was already a tall man. It is said he was taller than most no matter where he went, so wearing a top hat was like a six foot woman deciding to wear five inch heels. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">This hat is the one President Lincoln wore on the last night of his life...April 14, 1865. It's on display at the Smithsonian Institute. </span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSehlwbbmIrbYo4_LQR_fL3KVzks885Pg4IH_M0Ss8SbjZv0PRJtI1ZYbud2vK-Ddcjd5Z3FQwNqw4hdroKiatGkE9q3EcSfXVRKQMXFL6Vl_Jq7t0eYoYzDwVVvgbr7P20rSE/s1600/hat3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSehlwbbmIrbYo4_LQR_fL3KVzks885Pg4IH_M0Ss8SbjZv0PRJtI1ZYbud2vK-Ddcjd5Z3FQwNqw4hdroKiatGkE9q3EcSfXVRKQMXFL6Vl_Jq7t0eYoYzDwVVvgbr7P20rSE/s200/hat3.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">My research indicates President Lincoln bought this particular hat from J.Y. Davis, a Washington hat maker. Notice the black silk band....Lincoln had this added to the hat in remembrance of his son Willie. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Following the assassination the War Department took possession of the hat and other items left behind at Ford's Theater. From there the hat became the property of the Patent Office and later was transferred to the Smithsonian where it has remained. In those days the employees of the Smithsonian Institute were instructed not to exhibit the hat and not to mention that it was there because of the furor it might cause in those early years following the President's death.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The hat remained in a basement storage room for almost thirty years before it was finally displayed in 1893 when the Lincoln Memorial Association borrowed the top hat for an exhibition. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Of course, today....it's one of the most popular artifacts of American History the museum owns.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Unfortunately, another iconic hat in American History is also connected to an assassination ....the Kennedy assassination.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The American public was first introduced to the pillbox hat during the Kennedy inauguration.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://onthisdayinfashion.com/?p=10051">This article</a> states:</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i>[The hat was] a fawn-colored domed pillbox created by a then unknown 29-year-old named Roy Halston Frowick. The hat sat tilted toward the back, nearly doubled the size of her head, frankly, and creating a pretty contrast to her striking dark looks. She was nothing the country had ever seen. A fashionable, beautiful and highly cultured First Lady, one who not only spoke fluent French but effortlessly shopped in Paris and New York. Across the country, women unanimously agreed: This young woman was their new fashion icon. For his part, Halston had no idea what was coming.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Jackie Kennedy also wore a pillbox hat on that fateful date in Dallas, Texas.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRAwYGaLYlSUigwC_XGUNsfchz1NcfgpcuYLfVzvTx5KKr2bGPUXgZcxkDLG_wj9reNjpfH6FDwX684QvK0S_WzMe-ftXDi89Ms0wMDTAY_TDIrtIjIX4DwjQ8hbm0bFPOevZt/s1600/hat8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRAwYGaLYlSUigwC_XGUNsfchz1NcfgpcuYLfVzvTx5KKr2bGPUXgZcxkDLG_wj9reNjpfH6FDwX684QvK0S_WzMe-ftXDi89Ms0wMDTAY_TDIrtIjIX4DwjQ8hbm0bFPOevZt/s320/hat8.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">The pillbox hat First Lady Jackie Kennedy wore the day her husband was assassinated is as iconic as the pink suit. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.statesman.com/news/nation/jackie-kennedys-pink-pillbox-hat-a-missing-piece-1220620.html">This article from 2011</a> advises the suit was turned over to the National Archives, but the hat is missing and remains missing to this day.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i>Somewhere inside the hospital [that fateful day in Dallas], the hat came off. "While standing there I was handed Jackie's pillbox hat and couldn't help noticing the strands of her hair beneath the hat pin. I could almost visualize her yanking it from her head," Mary Gallagher, the First Lady's personal secretary, who accompanied her to Dallas, wrote in her memoir....</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i>The pink suit, blood-stained and perfectly preserved in a vault in Maryland, is banned from public view for 100 years. The pillbox hat...is lost, last known to be in the hands of [Gallagher], who won't discuss its whereabouts... </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i>....[At some point following the assassination], a box arrived at the National Archives, where such treasures as the Constitution and the Bill of Rights are kept. In it were the suit, blouse, handbag, shoes, and even her stockings, along with an unsigned note on the letterhead of Janet Auchincloss, Jacqueline Kennedy's mother: "Jackie's suit and bag worn November, 22, 1963.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><i>No hat.</i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">One has to wonder about the hat.....</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Ah.........yet another mystery in history.</span></div>
EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-35255273680646461062012-09-16T17:35:00.001-04:002012-09-16T17:35:38.585-04:00A Business Degree Is Always a Smart Choice<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">I've always advised students you can't go wrong with a business degree. It gives you several ways to go with a career and employers always like to see a candidate with a business degree. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Lots of different people have business degrees such as Danny Glover, John Elway and Trisha Yearwood all have business degrees. Lionel Ritche and Kevin Costner do, too. </span><br />
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<a href="http://www.devry.edu/10-ways-business-degree.jsp"><img src="http://www.devry.edu/assets/images/10-ways-to-use-your-buiness-degree-in-life.jpg" style="max-width: 100%;" /></a><br />
Via: <a href="http://www.devry.edu/">DeVry University</a>EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-20993778.post-76153653485929969962012-09-14T14:56:00.001-04:002012-09-14T14:56:41.555-04:00Need A New Direction?<a href="http://blog.cbt.edu/where-a-business-degree-can-take-you/"><img src="http://blog.cbt.edu/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/title_image.jpg" style="max-width: 100%;" /></a><br />Via: <a href="http://www.cbt.edu/">CBT College</a>EHThttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17964668210604436937noreply@blogger.com0